As a part of the overall preparedness of the state, the Government of Maharashtra has a State Disaster Management Action Plan to support and strengthen the efforts of the district administration. In this context, every district has evolved it's own District Disaster Management Action Plan (DDMAP). It is expected that these multi-hazard response plans would increase the effectiveness of administrative intervention.

Multi-disaster Response Plan

The DDMAP addresses the districts’ response to disaster situations such as earthquakes, floods, cyclones, epidemics, off-site industrial disasters and roads accidents and fires. Some of these disasters such as floods and earthquakes affect large areas causing extensive damage to life, property and environment while others such as epidemics only affect large populations. In any case, the management of these disasters requires extensive resources and manpower for containment by remedial action.

The present plan is a multi-hazard response plan for the disasters and outlines the institutional framework required for managing such situations. However, the plan assumes a disaster specific form in terms of the actions to be taken by the various agencies involved in the disaster. The front-end or local level of any disaster response organisation will differ depending upon the type of disaster, but at the level of the back-end i.e., at the controlling level at the district it will almost remain same, for all types of disasters.

Objectives

The objectives of the District Disaster Management Action Plan are:

To improve preparedness at the district level, through risk and vulnerability analysis , to disasters and to minimise the impact of disasters in terms of human, physical and material loss.

To ascertain the status of existing resources and facilities available with the various agencies involved in the management of disasters in the district and make it an exercise in capability building of district administration. This enables the district to face a disaster in a more effective way and builds confidence across different segments of society. It will be a positive factor for long-term development of the district.

To utilise different aspects of disaster mitigation for development planning as a tool for location and area specific planning for development in the district.

To use scientific and technological advances in Remote Sensing, GIS etc. in preparation of this plan with a view to ensure their continuous use for development planning.

To develop a framework for proper documentation of future disasters in the district, to have an update on critical information essential to a plan, to critically analyze and appraise responses and to recommend appropriate strategies

To evolve DDMAP as an effective managerial tool within the overall policy framework of Government of Maharashtra.

Response to disasters, in the absence of a defined plan, would be arbitrary leading to overemphasis of some actions and absence of other actions which could be critical. The objectives of any disaster management plan should be to localise a disaster and to the maximum extent possible contain it so as to minimise the impact on life, the environment and property. A formal plan for managing disasters is therefore necessary. This would include

a. pre-planning a proper sequence of response actions,

b. allocation of responsibilities to the participating agencies,

c. developing codes and standard operating procedures for various departments and relief agencies involved.

d. inventory of existing facilities and resources

e. mechanisms for effective management of resources

f. co-ordination of all relief activities including those of NGOs to ensure a coordinated and effective response.

g. Co-ordination with the State response machinery for appropriate support

h. Monitoring and evaluation of actions taken during relief and rehabilitation

"Outline of Vulnerability Assessment" prepared by CSSD/EMC has been used as the basic instrument to collate district level information to meet the database requirements for the preparation of DDMAP.

Policy Statement

The underlying policy of the DDMAP is to protect life, environment and property while ensuring mitigation of the disaster to the maximum extent possible, relief to those affected and restoration of normalcy at the earliest.

Essentially, communities draw their support from the social institutions, administrative structure, and values and aspirations they cherish. Disasters may temporarily disorganise the social units and the administrative system and disrupt their lives built around these values and aspirations. A systematic effort to put back the social life on its normal course with necessary technology support and resources will contribute significantly to the resilience of the community and nation.

This policy forms the basis of the DDMAP strategy. It aims at capacity building and prompt utilization of resources in a disaster situation through a partnership of the GOM, NGOs, Private Initiatives and the community. In pursuance with this policy, DDMAP addresses itself to strengthening the pre-disaster and post-disaster responses of various actors and stakeholders including the “victims” of the disaster.

OVERVIEW OF BULDHANA DISTRICT

Location

Buldhana district is located in the central portion of the state of Maharashtra. Akola, Jalgaon, Jalna, Parbhani districts are the adjoining districts to the east, west & south respectively . Nemad district of the Madhya Pradesh is to the north.

The district is mainly covered in Survey of India topographic sheet No. 55D/8 & partly in 46P and 56 A and lies between 19°51’ to 21°17’ North latitude and 75°57’ to 76°49’ East Longitude.

The district Head quarters is at Buldhana which is connected to all talukas by state highway.

The state capital of Mumbai is 450 km to the west and is connected to Buldhana by road.

The distances of the other major towns from Buldhana is - Aurangabad (180 km),

Pune (425 km), Amravati (200 km), Nagpur (350 km).

Area and Administrative Divisions

Buldhana district covers an area of 9661 sq.km. The district is having maximum width of 91.73 kilometers and length of 160.93 kilometer.

The district has been divided in to five subdivisions and 13 Talukas as follows: -

The district comprises totally 1427 Villages out of which 1294 inhabited and 133 village are uninhabited, having total population of 15.08 Lacs (1981 Census).

Salient Physical Features And Land Use Patterns

Physiographycally the district is divided in to two separate parts viz., the southern part of the district forms a table land having a elevation ranging from 292 m to 687m; the northern part of the district is a plain & having a elevation ranging from 246m to 259m ; the average height of the district being 363 m above m.s.l.

The Ajanta range divides the geographical area into two distinct zones;

The Tapi-Purna river belt region covering 7 Tahasils to the north namely Malkapur,                             Nandura, Khamgaon, Jalgaon Jamod, Sangrampur, Motala, Shegaon

The other region comprising 6 Tahasils of Buldhana, Chikhali, Mehakar, Deulgaon Raja, Sindakhed Raja, Lonar to the south of the Ajanta range.

The Satpura range having a NNE-SSW direction runs through northern part of Jalgaon Jamod and Sangrampur Tahasils.

The two hilly ranges of southern part are named as southern & central belt. The central belt runs NW-SE for near about 64km. & turn to EW for 26km. The southern belt of the hill ranges extend from Dhad to Lonar in NW-SE direction for 103 km distance.

The world famous Lonar Crater considered to be more than 50,000 years old , is present in Buldhana district and is soon to be developed as a tourist spot.

The physiography forms four major type of land form viz.,

i. The hill and (ghatsection)

ii. The foot hill ones

iii. The plateaus and

iv. The plains.

The details of physiographic features is given is the following table.

Table Showing Taidrawise Area Statement Of Different Physiographic Features In Buldhana District.

From the above table it seems that the 69% of the total geographical for groundwater development. The Rest 31% area is unfavorable.

Soil Types

There are three major soil types in this district, locally called as Bharkali, morand and Barad.

Morand soils are silt and lime mixed heavy in texture and blackish one suitable for cotton growing.

Black soil is also found in Chikhali and Mehakar area but the depth of Top soil being very low hence suitable for wheat growing.

Sandy soils are locally called as Barad, percentage of sand is more than silt and clay hence light in nature hence identified as light soils. These are very poor fertile soil types than morand.

Constitute the physical basis of all agricultural practices. The infiltration and transmission of moisture through soil depends upon the particle size, amount of organic mater in the soil depth. These factors are also depend upon the approach of soil for the saturation its swollen capacity and individual physical properties.

From the physical properties of the soil in the district it can be divided into

1) Coarse shallow soil

2) Medium block soil and

3) Deep black soil

Coarse shallow soil covers the high lands in district. The depth of such soil remains very lese. The infiltration is much less in these type of soils and run off is more. This type covers an area of 4564.72 Sq. Km.

Medium black soil is developed comparatively in the plains along the tributaries of main rivers and small plateau of the district. This type of soil area generally low in clayey material. The area covered by the type of soil in the district is 3574.68 sq.m. and remains at 37 percentage of the total soil.

Statement Showing Distribution Of Dip Mount Type Of Soils In Buldana District.

Deep black soil generally develops along the banks of the major river and main tributeries of the river in the district it has been developed along Pur na (Tapi) Nalganga, Vishwaganga, Painganga, and Purna (Godavari) rivers. The soils contains much clayey material which generally have nature of swelling in high degree.

The black cotton soil derived from the Deccan trap of the region are more fertile and contains rich plant elements such as lime,magnesia, Iron and alkalis. The cropping pattern of the district is generally based upon the fertility of the soil present in the area.

Geology And Geomorphology

From geological point of view there are no major mineral ores. Some kinds of salts and lead are observed in Lonar crater but not commercially exploited.

The major rock is Basalt hence the major soil type is Regur or Black cotton soil predominantly in Jalgaon Jamod, Sangrampur, Nandura, Shegaon, Malkapur, Khamgaon areas.

Deccan trap covered 80% of the total area of the district and 20% area is covered by alluvium. All the talukas except Jalgaon Jamod, Sangrampur and part of Shegaon. Talukas are covered by Deccan trap.

The trap is classified in, the following categories.

1) Weathered basalt of all types.

2) Fractured & Jointed basalt.

3) Vesicular geologic basalt.

4) Compact massive basalt.

In basalt ground water occurs in joints, fractured & other zone of weakens, which serve as loci for the accumulation of groundwater. The density of joint, fractured, vascular in the Deccan trap, controls percolation of ground water.

The flow are separated by a tine gap deposition which is known an intertrappens. In the district redboles occur as a major intertrapean, which play very distinct role in the local behaviour of groundwater.

Climate And Rainfall

The district gets rain from south west Monsoons. The rainfall period is from June to September. However rain generally falls in the months of June and July upto the end of October.

The district falls under the assured rainfall zone and average rainfall ranging from 500 to 900 mm.

The climate of the Buldhana district is generally dry and hot , Buldhana town itself i.e. district headquarters has a comparatively cool weather and is considered to be the most pleasant place in district .

The general climate of the district is characterised by Hot and Dry summers and cold winters with the seasonal variation in the temperature being pretty large.

Hailstorms are common during February to April and also during the post monsoon period from November to January.

The following table shows month wise temperature variation in Buldhana District

Socio Economic Features

Economy

As per 1991 census the total population is 1881438 (Male population : 9,32,407 female population : 9,19,031) population density is 195 per Square kilometer.

82% people are living in rural area & 18% are in town and urban areas The number of females per one thousand male population is 955

SC/ST Population

The percentage of scheduled caste population is 6.18 percentage of total district population percentage less. The percentage of SC population in Maharashtra is 11.09 % 77.19 percent population is engaged in primary sector i.e. Agriculture and related enterprises

Literacy

Literacy percentage of Buldhana is 50.14 % the total male literates are 64.43% whereas female literate are 37.27%

Families and Residential buildings

As per the 1991 census report the total number of families are 2,83,000. The total number of residential houses are 2,80,000 out of which 83% are in rural areas and 17% residential Houses are in urban areas.

Electrification

All populated villages in this districts have been electrified till 31 march 1992 as per the record maintained by statistical officer statistical Department of Buldhana.

Industries and labour

The numbers of registered factories were 213 out of which 151 were under working condition. In all 5406 workers were employed in various firms and factories.

540 farmers are engaged in sericulture enterprises, mulberry cultivation and silk production covering 543 acre area yielding 48267 kgs of cocoons.

Mining

No major mining brick preparation is noticed in patches in rural areas of this.

Railway Lines

105.84km railway line in Buldhana which connect Malakapur,Nandura,khamgaon and Shegaon Tahasil head quarters.

Workers and Employment

Till March 1996 the total number of employees engaged under private, semi-government and government sectors were 44318. Out of total 44328 workers 13428 workers were in private firms 13042 employees were in semi-government institution

Tribal area

There is no scheduled tribal areas as such however in Jalgaon Jamod area some village there are tribal communities residing hear Umali and Vasali area of Sangrampur and Jalgaon Jamod.

Cattle and Livestock

Till 1992 census the total number of livestock were 10944634. The percentage of different livestock as per given below:

Land Holding

The lands holdings and number of land holders have been shown below:

Education

Till 30.9.95 there were 1442 primary schools, 203 middle schools and 61 Higher secondary schools 14 colleges. The percentage of primary, secondary and colleges level is shown below:

At Shegaon and Chikhali private institutions are running private Engineering colleges.

Major Urban and Rural Centres in Buldhana district

Urban Centres

Major rural centers

Historical and Religious centers

Agriculture And Cropping Pattern

As per the report of Agriculture commissioner pune the total geographical area of district is 967100 hectare. Out of which in the year 1993.94 the cultivable area is 80.76% is under Grain and other land 2.76% is cultivable waste land.

Table showing the land holding groups as per the census report 1990.91

Cropping Pattern

Presently the area under cultivation is 742227. Area under food grain cultivation is 411006 hectares this amounts to 55.37 % of cultivable area. jowar ranks the first position among the millets and other food grain covering about 53.87% both Jowar and cotton both occupy about 60% of total area under field crops pulses beans and oilseeds cover remaining 40% area under kharif cropping. Area under oilseeds is 10.64% wheat is 2.85% etc.

The district has more area under kharif than Rabi crops. There are local variations in this pattern. The southern tahasil has considerable preparation of the rabi crops While the Northern tahasil most of the cropped area is under kharif alone.

Jowar, Cotton. Groundnut, Udid and tur are the main crops grown in Kharif season and wheat grain and sunflower are the principal crops of rabi season. Jowar in grown in this district in Kharif senson only. Dugax cane has a negligible area.

As per the report from statistical department Buldhana ,the per hectare production following field crops is as given below

High yielding varieties are being used for Tur, Cotton Groundnut in all 80% of the cultivable area is under High yielding varieties hybrid and improved varieties of seeds.

Fruits and Vegetables

Khamgaon Taluka has maximum area under fruits and vegetables as per statistical report 1995-96 i.e. 554 hector.

Guava is predominantly grown in Buldhana, Motala. Nandura area.

Banana, a major cash crop grown in Jalgaon Jamod area.

Chili is grown in Malakapur and Nandura tahasils.

Orange and lemon is grown in patches is very small areas throughout the district.

Forest Area

The total forest area in the district is 1558sq km. There is comparatively thick forest in Northern and middle portion i.e. in Satpuda & Ajanta hill ranges. The area of forest is divided into there parts (a) Reserve (b) Protected © Unclassified. The total income from the forest during the year 1987-88 is RS 80.00 Lakhs by all means

Land Reform Measures

Land development activities are done by divisional soil conservation department area under different irrigated crop as per the statistical report published in 1995-96of Buldhana district the crop wise irrigated area is as per given below :

River System And Dams

Rivers

The Penganga, is the principal river of the district ; the other important rivers are Purna, Khadakpurna, Nalganga, Vishwaganga, Gyanganga and Banganga,.

The Penganga rises in the Hills near Deulghat, runs in a south-easterly direction East Mehakar then enters the Akola district. Most of the part of Chikhali and Mehakar tahasils. Fall within the drainage of the Penganga. The portion of the river which lies in this district is almost dry in the hot weather.

The Khadak Purna or Lower Purna rises in the Ajanta hills to the West of the district, which enters a little to the north of Deulgaon Raja and traverses the S.Raja tahasil in a south east direction for a distance of about 50kms. It does hot flow in the hot weather.

Penganga and Khadak Purna are important rivers of the Godavari basin, but they do not acquire their importance till they leave the district.

Purna is only the perennial stream in the plains, rises in the south facing scarps of Gawilgad hills in the district and has a pretty dense network of tributaries.

¨ Its principal tributaries within the district are Nalganga, Vishwaganga and Gyanganga from the south and Banganga from the north.

¨ The Nalganga rising in the hills near Deulghat runs to North and join Purna near Narval.

¨ The Vishwaganga rises at Buldana itself.

¨ The Dyanganga rises in the table lands north of the valley of the Penganga and run part Nandura before join the Purna.

¨ The Banganga rises in the Melghat to the north of Jalgaon Jamod tahasil and flows south ward to meet the Purna.

All these rivers have a sub parallel to sub-dendritic drainage pattern which is structurally controlled by bed rock formed by Deccan trap.

Generally 42% of southern and eastern part of our district is occupied by Penganga and Khadakpurna river area these are tributaries of river Godavari with the remaining part comes under Purna and its tributaries.

The details of the major and medium dams in Buldhana district is given in the following paragraphs.

Major Irrigation Projects Underway

· Wan: This is located at Vari in Telhara Tahasil of Akola District and Sangrampur tahasil of Buldana district.

· Khadakpurna: It is located at Garkhed in Deolgaon raja. The height of the dam is 15 mt. The poetential water storage will be 80.30 TMC. The length of the right canal of this dam will be 40 kms. Total proposed irrigated area under this project will be 18000 hectare in Chikhali and Sindhkhedraja, Deolgaonraja tahasils.

Medium Projects:

· Man : This project is located at Shirla in Khamgaon tahasil the height of the dam is 30.20 mtrs. The potential water reserve will be 35.86 TMC. The length of the canal will be 22.53 km. The major benefit for irrigation will go to Patur and Balapur tahasils of Akola district and Khamgaon tahasil of Buldana district.

· Torna: It is located at Dudham in Khamgaon. The height of this dam will be 22.99 mtrs. The length of this canal is 16.70 kms. Khamgaon tahasil will have major benefit under this project.

· Pentakali: This is located at Pentakhali village of Mehakar tahasil. The height of the dam is 23.16 mts. The potential water storage capacity of this project is 60.065 TMC. The major benefit of this project will go to Mehakar and Risod Tahasil areas.

Dam Projects (Existing)

On Going Projects:

Power Stations And Electricity Installations

In this district there are no power stations such as thermal power station, Hydel power station, Nuclear power station etc.

But the Electricity installation are 36 in number having capacity of 133 kv and 33 kv step down transformers throughout the district.

Till March 1996, 1365 villages & 11 towns were provided electrification.

Through M.S.E.B. the electric connection to Agricultural Electrical pumps were provided to 73697 pumps.

In the year 1995-96, 192181 thousand kilowatt per hour electricity was consumed. Out of which 41.07% for household purpose, 4.75% for Commercial purpose, 19.35% for Industrial purpose, 3.37% for public street lighting and 21.16% was use for other different purposes. For Agriculture 10.30% electricity was used.

List of Power Stations (Installation Centers 33 kv.)

Industries

In Buldhana the number of Industrial Estate is 2 ; one is Malkapur M.I.D.C. i.e. Dudhalgaon M.I.D.C. and another one is Khamgaon M.I.D.C. area.

For industrial development in this district the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation been set up in Industrial Estate 6 Km. away from Khamgaon which occupies 201 Ha. area wherein 227 Plots were created out of which 187 plots have been distributed for small scale Industries set up.

Second Industrial Estate 15 Km. away from Malkapur M.I.D.C. has set up an Industrial Estate covering 71 Plots out of which 15 plots have been distributed.

From 1993-94 at Chikhali and Shegaon Industrial Growth Centres are under operation. Land has been acquired soon the distribution of plots will be M.I.D.C.

There were 256 Factories registered till 1995 and 152 were in working conditions. 6174 workers are working in this factories.

Another 10 M.I.D.C. Industrial estates are proposed.

Type of industries working here are Engineering, Chemical, Soya, oil mills on smaller scale product.

The branch Hindustan Lever Limited at Khamgaon where ‘soap’ and Export Qualities are produced and exported.

The total number or Industrial workers in this district are 5000.

There are no Hazardous Industries, no hazardous chemical generating Industries so no potentialy hazardous locations or pipelines carrying chemicals.

There are two sugar factories in this district which however are not in a proper working condition.

Transport And Communication Network

Transport Network

There is 86 Km. National highway No.6 passing through Malkapur Nandura & Khamgaon Towns.

The total length of state Highway is 565.94 Kms. The total length of Zilla Parishad roads is 751.40 Kms.

The number of main bridges are 14. 506 villages are not easily accessible for State Transport buses.

There is no Air Port in this district.

The railway line runs parallel to National Highway No.6 in this district; it is a broad gauge line having a length of 105 km. This line goes through Malkapur ,Nandura, Jalumb, Shegaon Tahasil headquarters in northern part of the district.

Jalamb is the railway junction on this line with this line connecting Bhusawal in Jalgaon district to the eastern sides and goes to Akola towards eastern side and then to Nagpur.

Communication Network

The total number of telephone exchanges stationed in this district till 1996-96 are and the number of telephones are 12866. There is no S.T.D. facility at Motala, Dehlgaon Raja, Sindhkhedraja, Lonar, Mehkar.

The number of Telegraph offices are 161.

27 Police stations are connected by wireless system.

Fax Machines have been setup at every Tahasil Offices.

Satellite communication link through National Informatics Centre is working at Buldana with which communication to all districts Head Quarters of our country and secretariats be done.

The nearest Radio station is at Akola, another one is at Jalgaon (Khandesh)

There are 2 local News paper printed and published in Buldana district.

The number of weeklies printed and published in Buldhana district are 50.

Proposed Developments

Major Irrigation Project :- Jigaon

Jigaon is a proposed major irrigation project. The administrative sanction has been given by state government currently the resettlement and land acquisition procedure has started.

This project is on river Jigaon at Jigaon at Nandura tahasil having height of dam is 24.40 mt. the proposed area under irrigation project is 91800 hactares.

The submerged area is 18923 hactares approx. 33283 people are to be resettled. This project will have its effect in Malkapur, Kamgaon, Nandura, Jalgaon Jamod, Sangrampur, Shegaon. 42 villages of Jalgaon Jamod and Nandura tahasil will have to be resettled since they come under submergence. 10 villages partially affected due to this project.

Utawali :- Proposed Medium Project On River Utawali.

This project has also been administratively sanctioned at Deolgaon Sakarsha in Mehakar tahasils. Height of the dam is 26.66 mt. the potential water availability is 20.81 TMC.

Proposed Industrial Estates

10 Industrial Estates for small scale Industries have been proposed to every Tahasil except Motala Tahasil Region. No any kind of huge Industry is proposed yet.

Afforestation

Major development changes that are proposed to be undertaken.

Dnyanganga wild life sanctuary

Both forest area 22 kms away from Buldhana towns has been declared as a Dhyanganga wild life sanctuary. This has been published in Government Gazette dated 20th May 1997. The forest area of Dnyanganga sanctuary is 20356.6 Hactares.

Amba barawa wild life sanctuary

Northern most part of Buldana district, which is in Sangrampur Tahasil in Satpuda Range has been declare as wild life sanctuary. The forest area of Ambabarwa is 12711.42 Ha.

Dudhaneshwar Sanctuary

The area around the Girada Padli villages has been proposed by forest office for declaring it as a wild life sanctury. This area is of 2800 hectares. The proposal is under process at Government level.

Town Development

Sindkhed Raja & Lonar

The Government of Maharashtra has recently undertaken the development of Sindhkhed Raja a historical birth place of Rajmata Jijabai mother of great Shivaji.

Lonar being the world famous saline water crater created by meteorite collision. It has got lot of bio-diversity and ecosystem balance, flora and fauna ecosystem. Lonar and its area around the rim are proposed to be declared as human Interference free

Area.

RISK ASSESSMENT AND VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS

Economic ,Social ,Educational And Occupational Profile Of The Population.

Economy

The total geographical area of the district is 9,661 sq.km. constituting about 3% of the total area of the state .

Areawise Mehakar is the largest tahasil covering an area of 1007.94 sq.km.followed by Khamgaon with an area of 998.37Sq.Km. ,while Malkapur is the smallest tahasil with an area of 446.19 sq.km.

Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy of Buldhana district cotton ,jowar,wheat, groundnut,tur, gram,are the major crops.

The area under fruit cultivation , sericulture, plantation crops is catching up. Mainly banana is grown Jalgaon (Jamod) ,Sangrampur ,Malkapur area ; Citrus fruits are grown in patches throughout the district. The area under Mango, pomegranate, Ber is also increasing .

Sericulture enterprises as a supplementary business to agriculture is growing up where in 540 farmers are engaged in mulberry cultivation and cocoon production . In 1996, 48,267 Kg. of cocoons were produced .

The total population of the district as per 1991 census is 18,86,000.

¨ Male population-9,66000,

¨ Female population 9,20,000

¨ Population density is 195 per Sq.Km.

The population details of the district

82% of the total population of the district is living in rural areas and 18% of the total population in towns .

The percentage of schedule caste population is 11.50% of the total population of the

district.

The total no. of house holds is 2,83,000 out of which 2,23,890 are in rural areas with the remaining 59110.are in urban areas .

Literacy percentage of Buldhana is 50.14 . out of which the male literates are 64.43% where as female literates accounts for 37.27% .

All populated villages in the district i.e. 1294 . have been electrified till 31 March 92

Industrialiation in Buldhana district is poor . Two MIDC estates are in progress one is at Khamgaon and other one is at Malkapur . There are two sugar factories in this district but presntly they are not in working condition . The no.of.registered factories are 213, which are small scale cottage type are but 151 are under working condition. In all 5,406 workers are working in various firms & factories.

There is no important mining in this districts.

As far as educational facilities are concerned, there are 1442 primary schools,203 middle schools , 61 Higher secondary schools and 14 senior colleges in this district. The percentage of students in primary, secondary and colleges are shown below.

Disaster Specific Proneness

The district administration ranks flood as the highest priority primarily due to the frequent flooding in one or two places every year in Buldhana district which has resulted in considerable losses in terms of property damages as well as loss of human lives.

A proper vulnerability assessment should not be biased heavily towards only flood .The hazards like Cyclones, Road accidents ,Epidemics ,Fire ,Industrial & Chemical Accidents, Earthquake are also equally important because of the example of Killari earthquake ,which happened in a flash and caused devastating loss to the human lives and property ,although this Deccan trap is considered as resistant to the earthquake.

By keeping this lookout the district administration has assessed and analysed the disaster specific vulnerability with respect to hazard event and geology, geomorphology and other socoeconomical , technoeconomical, infrastructral ,and developmental aspects of the district

Floods

Buldhana falls under the zone number 7 of agro climatic zones i.e.it is assured rainfall zone.

The rainfall statistics for Buldhana district are as follows :

¨ Total annual rainfall -------- 765.86 mm.

¨ Average rainfall --------- 722.40 mm

¨ Months during which maximum rainfall occurs------- July ,August

The no. of deaths recorded because of the flood during the year 1959 was 43 and these loss of human lives due to flood were in Tapi and Purna

But for the last 10 year there is a considerable decrease in no. of deaths due to floods.

The most vulnerable areas for floods are as follows :

¨ Villages and human habitats along the bank of major rivers such as Purna, Nalganga, Man, Mas, Khadakpurna and Pentakali

¨ Rural dwellings along or around the water reservoirs ,local nalas

¨ Villages settled in proximity to major and medium irrigation projects

The town Malkapur is now a days facing the problem of flooding because of the heavy flood of Nalganga river .

Cyclones/ Hailstorm

There was no reported cyclones for last 10 years and the probability of future occurrence is very less to medium as the district is situated very far from the coast line. However, instances of hailstorms during the pre and post monsoon periods are common.

The hailstorm is found in one or many places of Buldhana district every year mainly Chikhali,Mehakar ,Deulgaonraja ,Sindakhedraja,Lonar,Khamgaon,Shegaon area

Hailstorms generally occurs during February to April during this period there is considerable loss to the orchard crops such as santra ,kgzilime,mango,and vegetables and winter field crops .

Industrial & Chemical Accidents

Buldhana is primarily an agricultural district with industrial area accounting for only less than 1% of the total area of the district .

There has been no accident in any industry in the last 30 years.

There are two M.I.D.C. Estate at Khamgaon and Malkapur and 10 others are proposed to taluka headquarters .

Principal types of industries are Engineering workshops,Automobile services cotton mills ,Dal mills ,Poha mills ,Textiles, Ice factories ,Plastics, Fireworks etc.

A branch of the multinational Hindustan Lever Ltd. has a manufacturing plant at Khamgaon for manufacturing soaps .

Majority of the factories are not hazardous .

There are two Sugar Factories ; one is Jijamata cooperative sugar factory at Dusarbhid in Sindakhed raja taluka, and the other one is Adishakti sahakari sakhar karkhana at Amsari village in Shegaon taluka . However, presently these two factories are not in proper working condition.

No special zoning practices have been adopted in industrial areas and so a specific sound alarm is needed for warning about industrial disaster.

The factory officials ,sutgirani ,managing committees, owners of various chemical and industrial firms ,workshops have been informed and suggested to have a possible plan with preparedness measures ,mitigation plans for fire and chemical accidents.

Gas agencies of food and civil supply departments are the most vulnerable places for the explosion of gases.

Gas and chemical carrying containers on the National Highway no.6 from Dhule to Calcutta are also prone for explosion. Private gas agencies ,Crackers firms ,and other different types of cottage enterprises are considered as a vulnerable for chemical accidents.

Epidemics

Ranking of Epidemics is at number two on the basis of past occurrences and the future probability of occurrences is medium .

This district consists of a majority of rural and illiterate population whose awareness levels are very low as regards outbreak of epidemics like cholera, Gastro, malaria,

Jaundice, Dengue and other bacterial and viral infections.

The following table shows the death of human beings because of Cholera, Gastro, and Jaundice.

Following are the most vulnerable areas of epidemics in Buldhana district :

¨ Tribals areas of Jalgaon jamod,Sangrampur and Mehakar talukas

¨ Slum areas of Khamgaon Malkapur ,Chikhali Buldhana, Jalgaon(Jamod), Nandura, Shegaon, DeulGaon Raja are prone for epidemic outbreak.

· The villages along the bank of rivers are prone for Jaundice outbreak .BDO`s, PHC`s, Gramsevaks, are given instructions or preventive actions for out breaks .

· Epidemics occur mostly during onset of monsoon and the important victims are children and woman in rural areas especially in tribal blocks of Jalgaon Jamod and Sangrampur.

· Epidemics also out breaks during summer season because of impure drinking water.

Road Accidents:

The important accident prone area is National Highway No.6 which is 84 Km. length passing through Malkapur ,Nandura ,and Khamgaon tahasil headquarters.

There is a good network of pakka and kacha roads in the district .

Road accidents have been ranked at third position with a medium probability of future occurrence and at the same time indicated that road accident will have minimum effect on day to day life of general public.

Along the stretch of the National Highway the two towns of Malkapur and Khamgaon have good medical facilities.

Following table shows the no. of deaths & the no. of minor and major accidents from 1993 to 1991

Fire

Fire has been ranked at fourth position on the basis of past occurrences in the ranking of hazardous events in Buldhana district.

The vulnerable areas are generally cotton godowns at taluka places cotton collection centers in rural areas ,sut giranis ,fodder stocks ,cinema theatre, foodgrain godowns etc.

There are only five fire brigades at Buldhana,Chikhali,Khamgaon,Shegaon,and Malkapur muncipal councils. These five are inadequate by considering fire prone areas and the vast area of the districts.

The following table shows yearwise details of Fire events and its economic and human lives loss from year 1986 to 1996

Earthquake

This is the most disastrous of all natural events but it has been given the last ranking since there is no record of earthquake and its losses for last 30 years as far as Buldhana district is concerned.

But on 22 May 1997 there was the report of tahasil office Buldhana that there was little shocks of earthquake in Chndole village.But no injuries to life and properties is reported.

As per the revised thinking of scientists, the Deccan Plateau is not free from earthquakes. Hence one cannot say that there is no chance at all of any earthquake and the district administration should be prepared

Disaster Probability

Specific Vulnerability Of Systems And Services To Disaster Events

Ranking And Probability Of Disaster Episodes In The District