As a part of the overall preparedness of the state, the Government
of Maharashtra has a State Disaster Management Action Plan to support and
strengthen the efforts of the district administration. In this context, every
district has evolved it's own District Disaster Management Action Plan (DDMAP).
It is expected that these multi-hazard response plans would increase the effectiveness
of administrative intervention.
Multi-disaster Response Plan
The DDMAP addresses the districts’ response to disaster situations
such as earthquakes, floods, cyclones, epidemics, off-site industrial
disasters and roads accidents and fires. Some of these disasters such as floods
and earthquakes affect large areas causing extensive damage to life, property
and environment while others such as epidemics only affect large populations.
In any case, the management of these disasters requires extensive resources
and manpower for containment by remedial action.
The present plan is a multi-hazard response plan for the
disasters and outlines the institutional framework required for managing such
situations. However, the plan assumes a disaster specific form in terms
of the actions to be taken by the various agencies involved in the disaster.
The front-end or local level of any disaster response organisation will
differ depending upon the type of disaster, but at the level of
the back-end i.e., at the controlling level at the district it
will almost remain same, for all types of disasters.
Objectives
The objectives of the District Disaster Management Action Plan
are :
· To improve preparedness at the district level, through risk
and vulnerability analysis , to disasters and to minimise the impact of disasters
in terms of human, physical and material loss.
· To ascertain the status of existing resources and
facilities available with the various agencies involved in the management of
disasters in the district and make it an exercise in capability
building of district administration. This enables the district to face a disaster
in a more effective way and builds confidence across different segments of society.
It will be a positive factor for long term development of the district.
· To utilise different aspects of disaster mitigation for
development planning as a tool for location and area specific planning for development
in the district.
· To use scientific and technological advances in Remote
Sensing, GIS etc. in preparation of this plan with a view to ensure their continuous
use for development planning.
· To develop a framework for proper
documentation of future disasters in the district, to have an update on critical
information essential to a plan, to critically analyse and appraise responses
and to recommend appropriate strategies
· To evolve DDMAP as an effective managerial tool within
the overall policy framework of Government of Maharashtra.
Response to disasters, in the absence of a defined plan,
would be arbitrary leading to overemphasis of some actions and absence
of other actions which could be critical. The objectives of any disaster management
plan should be to localise a disaster and to the maximum extent possible contain
it so as to minimise the impact on life, the environment and property. A formal
plan for managing disasters is therefore necessary. This would include
a. pre-planning a proper
sequence of response actions,
b. allocation of responsibilities
to the participating agencies,
c. developing codes and standard
operating procedures for various departments and relief agencies involved.
d. inventory of existing facilities
and resources
e. mechanisms for effective management
of resources
f. co-ordination of
all relief activities including those of NGOs to ensure a coordinated and
effective response.
g. Co-ordination with the State
response machinery for appropriate support
h. Monitoring and evaluation of
actions taken during relief and rehabilitation
"Outline of Vulnerability Assessment" prepared by CSSD/EMC has
been used as the basic instrument to collate district level information to
meet the database requirements for the preparation of DDMAP.
Policy Statement
The underlying policy of the DDMAP is to protect life, environment
and property while ensuring mitigation of the disaster to the
maximum extent possible, relief to those affected and restoration of
normalcy at the earliest.
Essentially, communities draw their support from the social
institutions, administrative structure, and values and aspirations they cherish.
Disasters may temporarily disorganise the social units and the administrative
system and disrupt their lives built around these values and aspirations.
A systematic effort to put back the social life on its normal course with
necessary technology support and resources will contribute significantly to
the resilience of the community and nation.
This policy forms the basis of the DDMAP strategy. It aims at
capacity building and prompt utilization of resources in a disaster situation
through a partnership of the GOM, NGOs, Private Initiatives and the community.
In pursuance with this policy, DDMAP addresses itself to strengthening
the pre-disaster and post-disaster responses of various actors and stakeholders
including the “victims” of the disaster.
OVERVIEW OF RATNAGIRI DISTRICT
Location
· Ratnagiri district is located along the west coast
of Maharashtra state and is a part of the Konkan area - a distinct geographical
division extending from north to south comprising a narrow strip of land between
the Arabian Sea to the west and the Western Ghats to the east.
· The district is located between latitudes 16°30’N
and 18°04’N and longitudes 73°02’E and 73°52’E.
· Ratnagiri , the district headquarters, is well connected
to the state capital Mumbai and other towns in the Konkan and on the Deccan
Plateau by all weather roads.
· Ratnagiri town is 370 km south of Bombay by road and
is 13 km to the west of the Mumbai Goa highway (NH 17). A State highway
connects Ratnagiri with Kolhapur to join the Pune - Bangalore highway (N.H.
4) .
· The Konkan Railway has begun operations now and
there are daily trains from Mumbai upto Sawantwadi in Sindhudurg district
passing through Ratnagiri and close to other major towns.
· Transport by boats is also possible given the large
number of jetties in the district.
· The district is bounded on the west by the Arabian
Sea, on the south by Sindhudurg district, on the east by Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur
districts on the crest of the western ghats, and on the north by Raigad district.
Area and Administrative Divisions
· Ratnagiri district covers an area of 8249 km².
· There are nine adminstrative sub-units (tahsils)
- Ratnagiri, Guhagar, Dapoli, Mandangad, Khed, Chiplun, Sangameshwar, Lanja
and Rajapur which have been grouped into three subdivisions :
Subdivision
Tahsils incorporated
in it
Dapoli
Mandangad, Dapoli,
Khed
Chiplun
Guhagar, Chiplun,
Sangameshwar
Ratnagiri
Ratnagiri, Lanja,
Rajapur
· Amongst these nine talukas, Sangameshwar is the
largest with 15.70% area while Mandangad is the smallest in area accounting
for only 5% of the total area of the district.
· According to 1991 census, there are 1591 villages
in the district, out of which 4 are uninhabited.
· There are four municipal councils – Khed,
Chiplun, Ratnagiri and Rajapur. There is the Zilla Parishad and nine Panchayat
Samitis.
Salient Physical Features and Land Use Patterns
Physiography
· The eastern boundary of Ratnagiri district is more
or less demarcated by the Sahyadri mountain ranges, also called the Western
Ghats.
· The district has a north-south span of about 180 km with
about 167 km of coastline. The east west width is only 64 km at the broadest.
· The district can be divided into three natural divisions-
i) Hilly areas on the eastern part comprising the westerly offshoots
of the Western Ghats ii) Central portion of gently undulating landscape and
iii) lowlying coastal strip.
· The Deccan Trap formation of horizontally disposed
basaltic lava flows is the major geological formation ; hence trappean landforms
dominate.
· Trappean landforms have a typical aspect of a plateau
; here also the two kinds of trappean landforms are a. Laterite Plateau -
gently sloping at the top with steep margins and b. Highly Dissected
Plateau - comprising the foothills of the Sahyadri range, chracterised
by steep valleys and high drainage density.
· Landforms of fluvio-marine origin are common along
the coast and in river channels.
Soil
· Lateritic soil, brick red in colour, dominates in
this part of Maharashtra. The soil is clayey to loamy and sand and silty at
places.
· Due to steep slopes and heavy rainfall, the soil
cover in most parts has been steadily eroded away over the years and is very
thin, holding little moisture.
· Taking into consideration the fertility and moisture
retention capacity, the soils in Ratnagiri district can be classified as :
¨ Soil near the sea coast
having abundant salts/phosphates , where coconut and betel nut plantations
abound ; Soil nearest to sea coast and along creeks, abundance of salts making
the soil infertile and unable of supporting any vegetation.
¨ Soil on plateaux and hill slopes (lateritic soil),
suitable for mango and cashew plantations and cultivation of nagali and vari.
¨ Soil with some moisture retention
capacity ; suitable for paddy cultivation.
Land Use Pattern
Land Use
Area in
km²
Inhabited Area
Agriculture Area
Forest Cover
Industrial Area
Wastelands
2800
2455
71
17.6
1080
· Most of the agricultural activities are confined
to a narrow belt running north-south in the central part of the district ;
most of the cultivation is done during the Kharif season.
· Large tracts of land in Rajapur and Sangameshwar
tahsils are under agriculture.
· Plantations (chiefly of mango) are retricted near the
coast in the tahsils of Ratnagiri, Guhagar, Mandangad and Rajapur
· Wastelands are quite common and occur in all tahsils.
Barren/rocky/stony wasteland is quite prominent in the western part of the
district.
Climate and Rainfall
· Ratnagiri district has a climate typical of the
Konkan region - humid tropical to semitropical with hot summers and mild winters.
· Summers (the season starts in March and continues
till June ) are hot and humid with temperatures reaching a maximum of 33.2°C.
· Winters ( from November to February) are relatively
milder with minimum temperatures of 18°C.
· Rainfall (average 3225mm) is due to the South west
monsoon and falls mainly during the months of July and August.
· There is no uniform pattern, but the rainfall is
extremely heavy in the foothills of the Sahyadris.
Geology and Geomorphology
Geology
The geological formations found in the district include those
of the Precambrian, Mesozoic , Tertiary and Quaternary ages.
Precambrian Groups
Kaladgi Group : In the area
around Oni, Waked, Borthade villages a large thickness of sandstone quartzite
with minor conglomerates, shells and limestone are exposed below the traps.
The quartzite’s are white, gray or brown and are weathered at places to yield
sand. The beds are folded and faulted. The strike varies from NNE-SSW to NW-SE
with dips upto 80`.
Mesozoic And Tertiary Groups
Deccan Trap : The major part of the district is covered with
basaltic flows known as Deccan Traps. These are considered to be Upper Cretaceous
to Lower Eocene in age. The lava flows include two types. The pahoehoe type
has a basal section with pipe amygdules , a middle dense rock section and
a top section with spherical vesicles. Each flow contains several units and
the rock is much altered, purple or reddish in color. It is easily weathered
and eroded resulting in smooth slopes and conical hills. Near Chiplun(17.32`
: 73.31`) and Alore (17.29` : 73.31`) a few such pahoehoe flows
are found. The “aa” type , which is the most common , shows basal section
of dense dark basalt and top section with elongated vesicles and flow breccia.
This top section is altered reddish and is easily weathered. Such “aa“ flows
extend over large areas and give rise to plateau and step-like feature. The
“ a a “ flows show three or four sets of vertical and horizontal joints.
The flow layers show dips of 1 in 100 or more towards SSW or SW.
Miocene beds : Near
Ratnagiri, white and blue clays with this carbonaceous layers are found in
sections of wells and quarries. They bear fossils of leaves , fruits and some
resin.
Laterite : Laterite,
derived from the leaching process acting on the traps and Precambrian rocks
, occurs over very large areas. It is found on the high plateau of the Sahyadri
ranges and at different levels along the Konkan upto sea level. Pisolitic,
vesicular, massive and brecciated varieties occur. The laterite profile shows
the ferruginous variety at the top, alumina rich pockets either at the top
or within the laterite and a lithomargic clay below. Large areas are also
covered with secondary laterite. These laterites are also covered with secondary
laterites. These laterites are considered to be of Quaternary age.
Hot Springs :
There are a number of hot springs in the district. The laterite-trap contact,
fracture zones in trap or contacts of two flows are the places from where
these springs originated. Thermal springs are located near Khed, Aravali,
Math, Rajewadi, Sangmeshwar, Tural, Rajapur, Unhavare and Vadavali. These
springs have temperature varying from 35°C to 69°C. The springs near Unhavare
(Unhara) and Tural show the temperature of 69°C and 61°C respectively.
Geomorphology
· Ratnagiri district is a coastal district and
located between latitude 16.30` and 18.05` and longitude 73.02` to 73.50`.
· The district extends from the sea coast to the
continental divide where the peak rise to 1000 m. some places.
· The area close to the ghat is highly dissected
with deep valleys. Major part of the district has many flat topped hills,
rising to the height of 250 m. to 400 m. above the sea level. These
plateau show gradual slop towards west .
· Closer to the coast , the levels of the plateaux
are at 150 meters above the sea levels. The arms of Sahyadri ranges extend
up to the sea at the several places indicating the absence of significant
faulting.
· Similarly, the western scrap of the Sahyadri ranges
are also now found to be mainly derived by extensive erosion.
· The river system are young and owing to heavy rainfall
have tremendous headward eroding capacity resulting in river piracy at places.
In the lower reaches many of the river are tidal.
Socio-Economic Features
Demographic Features
According to the 1991 census, the demographic features of Ratnagiri
district are as follows :
Total number of households
: 3,24,036
Total population
: 15,44,057
Total male population
: 7,00,190
Total Female population
: 8,43,867
Sex Ratio
: 1206
Urban population
: 1,38,965
Rural population
: 14,05,092
Percentage of Urban
population to total population :
9 %
Population Density
: 187 per km²
Literacy
Rate
: 62.7 %
Male literacy rate
: 76.6 %
Female literacy rate
: 51.6 %
Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes
SC percentage
: 1.77 %
ST percentage
: 0.96 %
Population below poverty line
: 54.28 %
· Mandangad, Guhagar, Sangameshwar and Lanja are the
four talukas which are totally rural.
· Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Khed,Chiplun and Rajapur
have 22%, 12%, 6%, 15% and 5% urban population respectively.
Urban and Rural Centres
Urban Centres
Urban Centre
Population
(1991 census)
Population
Density
Major Occupational
Patterns (as percentage of population)
RATNAGIRI
56, 505
272 / sq.km
Agriculturists
4.02%
Agricultural labourers
5.25%
Factory Workers 4.37%
Dairy, Fisheries, Horticulture
2.06%
Business and other activities
84.76%
KHED
1,82,000
182 / sq.km
Agriculturists
26.37%
Agricultural labourers
3.90%
Dairy, Fisheries, Horticulture
0.32%
Other than domestic occupation
1.92%
CHIPLUN
2,49,000
221 / sq.km
Agriculturists
22.89%
Agricultural labourers
2.97%
Domestic Occupations
0.69%
Other than domestic occupations
2.20%
Construction works
1.56%
RAJAPUR
1,79,000
140 / sq.km
Agriculturists
28.26%
Agricultural labourers
2.62%
Dairy, Fisheries, Horticulture
1.17%
Other than domestic occupation
0.89%
Rural Centres : (population more than 10,000)
Rural Centre
Population
Population
Density
Major occupational
patterns
Deorukh
10,979
160 / km²
Agriculturists
56.5%
Agricultural labourers
13 %
Historical and Religious Centres
Information on this aspect is important as in these places there
are large congregations and the capabilities of the district administration
in dealing with accommodation, sanitation, food, law and order, prevention
of epidemics is stretched to the limit.
Name
of the Historical / Religious centre
Periods
of festive occasions
Estimated
tourist or visiting population
1. Ganpatipule
Maghi Chaturthi (one day)
more than 10,000
2. Pawas
December (one day)
More than 10,000
3. Peth Killa
Navratri (seven days)
More than 10,000
Seasonal Migration
Purpose
Taluka
Period
Estimated population
involved
Earning livelihood by working
on major construction projects
Ratnagiri
October
to
April
In - 9000
Out - 2500
Working on Koyana Hydroelectric
Project Stage IV, Dabhol Project and Roads
Chiplun
Guhagar
Khed
September
to
May
3200 labourers
Agriculture and Crop Pattern in the District
· Due to the infertile soil and its poor capacity
to hold moisture , the agriculture farming is not attractive occupation in
the district . The quality of the soil is deteriorated due to the slopes and
heavy rainfall which washes the soil during the heavy rainfall.
· Due to the soil erosion , heavy rainfall and humid
climate , hilly tracts and slopes , no cash crops like cotton, sugarcane ,tobacco,
groundnut etc., are possible. The mango plantation , cashew trees plantation
and plantation of coconut trees near the coast are the only cash crop of the
district. At some suitable places betelnut plantation is taken up.
· As per the Crops Report prepared by the Revenue
Dept. for the year 1994-95, 0.87% area of the district is under forests .The
land under pastures and cattle grazing is 4.64% ; 21.74% of total geographical
area is unsuitable for cultivation while 19.23% of the cultivated land is
not being brought under agriculture. 13.29% of land was kept fallow.
· During the year 1994-95 , cultivated area of the
district was 5,94,200 hectares, out of which 2,45,400 hectares land was brought
under cultivation. The land is cultivated during the Kharif season only. The
Rabbi cultivation is quite negligible. Only where there is natural flow of
water during the fair season and such places are very few where rabbi crops
are taken. In the Kharif and Rabbi season the main crop is paddy.
· During the year 1994-95, out of total area under
agriculture, 32.31% land i.e. 79349 hectares of land was under the paddy crop,
8.07 % land was under Nagli, 1.59 land was under Wari crop, and all sort of
pulses occupied 0.81 % of land.
· The other important crops of the districts are Mango,
Cashew, Coconut Beetlenut which are the cash crops of the districts. But the
area under the crop is scattered.
· Apart from the cultivation in farms , coconut and
betelnut trees are planted in the open land around the houses of the landowners.
In the year 1994-95, the land under the coconut cultivation was
1366 hectares , while the 259 hectares of land was under the cultivation of
betelnut crop. The total area under the horticulture was 30217 hectares
during the year 1994-95.
· The land of this district is predominantly of uneven
topography for most of the eastern part, and is made up of saline and khar
wastelands towards the western extremity. There are no large irrigation facilities
and consequently , the yield per hectare is quite poor as compared to the
districts in upland Maharashtra.
· The table on the following page summarises
the cropping pattern in the district.
Types
Names
Cropping
period in months
Market
(District, State, Export)
Major Crops (Irrigated)
Major Crops (Non-irrigated) Kharif
Season
Paddy
Vari
Nagali
3 to 4 months during the
Kharif season
Local consumption
Major Cash Crop
Mango
Cashew
3 months
3 months
Local, state and export market
Major Plantations
Betelnut
Coconut
4 months
4 months
Local market
Allied Crops
Pulses
Groundnut
Til
3 months
3 months
3 months
Local market
River Systems and Dams
Rivers
· All the major rivers in the district originate in the
east in the foothills of the Sahaydri ranges and flow towards the west to
drain in to the Arabian Sea.
· The overall drainage pattern is dendritic and westerly
in direction.
· There are 20 watersheds, each covering an area of
about 150 to 200 km².
· Rivers are generally flooded during the monsoon
but remain almost dry during the summer
· Major rivers in the district are :
Savitri
Vashishti
Shastri
Kodivli
Vaghotan
· Gad, Kashyap and Bav are tributaries of Shastri
river
· Jagbudi, Vatsala, Kajral etc are tributaries of
the Vashishti.
· Kelshi, Kalbadevi, Jaitapur, Palshet and Borya are
the important creeks along rhe coast.
Dams
· At present , there are 18 minor irrigation projects
and 5 K.T. Bandharas completed in this district. On these projects 2535 Ha.
irrigation potential has been created upto June 1997, and on Natuwadi Medium
Project 2050Ha. irrigation potential has been created.
· There are 22 on going projects which have an irrigation
potential of 1058 Ha.
· Percolation tanks , diversion bandharas, storage
bandharas are constructed by Zilla Parishad. Total 218 Local Sector
Schemes are completed and irrigation potential of 3111 Ha has been created
with these schemes.
· There are no major dams in the district.There are
two medium irrigation projects :
1. Natuwadi Project (Khed taluka)
2. Gadgadi river Project (Sangameshwar taluka) - proposed
Power Stations And Electricity Installations
· Electricity is generated at the Hydro-electric station
at Pophli in Chiplun taluka. The station is part of the Koyna hydroelectric
project and has a generation capacity of 960 MW.
· There are a number of 33 KV stations in the
southern part of the district at Pachal, Padve, Dharatala, Lanja, Bhambed,
Nachana, Nivali, Ratnagiri, Deorukh, Sngameshwar etc.
· The main power generating installation in this district
is at Pophali in Chiplun taluka of this district where an underground hydro-electric
project is functioning. This hydro-electric project is functioning on
the water brought to the site from a big dam at Koyna nagar in Patan taluka
of Satara district . There are 8 big turbines rotating in the Power House
to generate 960 Mega Watt power. The water released from this power station
is taken to adjoining Kolkewadi village where a big dam has been built which
stores the water and releases to an another underground Power House,
where four turbines are installed .One more Power House is being built in
the forth stage.
· As per the 1991 census, all the eight towns in the
district have been electrified. In the rural area , 1515 villages of 5 to
12 wadis (hamlets) have not been electrified but token power supply has been
made.
· During the year 1995-96 the use of electricity was
3,59,705 thousand kilo watt hours , out of which 62.55 % was used for industrial
purpose , 26.82 % was utilised for domestic purpose , 8.79 % electricity was
consumed for trade and small industrial units , 0.68 % for public lighting
, 0.40 % for agriculture and 0.76 % for all other sundry purpose.
Industries
· By the end of the year 1995 , 248 factories were
registered in the district, out of which 49 were not functioning. In the remaining
238 running industries , 9711 workers were working .
· The major industries in the district include M/S
JK Files, Narmada Cement, Henkel Chemicals, NOCIL, Gharda, Tata Chemicals,
Finolex etc.
· It will be seen that chemical industries dominate,
and the MIDC estate at Lote Parshuram in Chiplun Taluka has most of these
major chemical industries.
· Other MIDC estates include those in Ratnagiri and
Khed tahsils.
· In Rajapur, Dapoli and Chiplun, brick and roofing tile
making industries flourish because of the local availability of clay deposits.
· Silica sand is won from various places along the
coast as well as in the interiors ; significant deposits of ilmenite have
been discovered in the beach sands at a few places.
· Fishing is a very major industry here with a long coastline
of 167 km.
· Marine products have fetched an income of more
than Rs. 53 crores during 1995-96.
The extent of industrialisation gets reflected in the number
of industrial estates and industrial activity and in terms of movement of
cargo.
· Number of indusrial
estates : 5
· Types of industries
: Chemical, Agro-chemical, fine chemicals, plastics, paper, rubber
· Total work
force in industries : 5285
· Number of chemical
industries/ tank farms : 11
· Number of pipelines
carrying hazardous chemicals : Nil
· Number of potentially
hazardous locations : 9
· No. of vehicles
carrying hazardous raw materials for industries (during a month) :
· No. of vehicles
carrying hazardous finished products from industries (during a month):
· No. of vehicles
passing through the district carrying hazardous raw materials for industries
· No. of container
terminals : Nil
· The details on each industrial estate and the fact
sheet on each hazardous industry are attached in the Annexure .
· The district is economically and industrially backward
and hence govt. pays 20 to 30 % subsidy to the industries in this backward
area. Apart from this the state govt. has set up Industrial Estate through
the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation at Ratnagiri , Chiplun
, Khed talukas where basic facilities have been provided at concessional rates.
· The Maharashtra State Financial Corporation
extends loan facility at a lower rate of interest. The SICOM helps the
small scale industrial units in a number of ways and hence may small and small
scale units are shaping up and flourishing in the Industrial Estates.
· From 1996-97 to 2000, the following small scale
industries are expected to start functioning :-
Sr. No.
Classification
Industrial
goods to be registered
No. of workers
Investment
in machinery
(Rs. in lakh)
Production
Capacity
(Rs. in lakh)
1
Farms Products
120
600
360
1,080
2
Agricultural Industries
110
550
330
990
3
Mining
02
10
06
18
4
Food and Beverages
115
575
1035
810
5
Weaving
10
50
30
90
6
Leather Goods
02
10
06
18
7
Plastic
100
500
300
720
8
Rubber
25
125
75
225
9
Chemical
150
750
450
1350
10
Metals and Carving
205
1025
615
1845
11
Electrical
13
65
39
117
12
Electronics
18
90
54
162
13
Non-Metal
65
325
195
585
14
Others
315
1575
945
2835
Total
1,250
6,250
4,440
10,845
The nine talukas of the district have the following major types
of industries
1. Ratnagiri : Fabrication
, Engineering units, Fruit Processing ,Ready-made Garments, Plastic
Containers, Sea Food Processing, Cold Storages, Ice Production,
Production of Ayurvedic Medicines etc.
2. Deorukh :Boat building
, Stone metal , Shrimp breeding Nurseries, Cement Products Fruit Processing.
3. Chiplun : Body Building
, Chemical Industries, Drugs and Intermediates , Electrical Product, Loading
and Boarding profession , Poultry and Poultry Feed etc.,
4. Khed : Chemical Industries
, Garages, Electronic Products, Paper Products , Ready-made Garments, Fabrication
Workshops, Plastic Industries, Production Of Mechanical vessels, Metal Casting
etc.
5. Dapoli : Animal Husbandry,
Fruit Processing Industry, Milk Products, Agricultural Implements, Leather
Products, Cold Drinks, Farsan etc. Snacks Product.
6. Guhagar : Transport
, Production of Domestic Utensils, Production of Kath, Furniture, Mining ,
Poultry Business, Production of Wooden Toys, Production of Electrical Gadgets.
7. Lanja : Ice production
, Animal Husbandry, Nurseries, Plantation of Fruits Trees , Food Processing
Units, Hotels , Servicing Centers , Sale of Plumbing Materials, Bore Well
Digging Stone Crusher Industry, Business relating to agricultural products.
8. Rajapur : Mining
, Production of Plastic Material, Cement Products, Fiber Glass Products, Engineering
Units , Animal Husbandry, Milk Products, Ice-cream.
9. Mandangad : Fish Processing , Salt
Production , Furniture, Production of Detergents, Rice Mills ,Transport, Electrical
Production , Fruit Processing Units.
The following Small Scale Units have been registered by
the end of March 1997. In all 1275 Units were registered on permanent basis
and 1994 Units were registered on temporary basis.
Sr. No.
Name of
Taluka
No. Of
Units Registered permanently
Investment
Rs. In lakh
Employment
generated
1
Ratnagiri
347
1063
1739
2
Chiplun
282
843
1408
3
Khed
292
862
1457
4
Dapoli
40
120
189
5
Mandangad
14
40
66
6
Guhagar
73
221
363
7
Lanja
64
193
320
8
Rajapur
67
203
335
9
Sangmeshwar (Deorukh)
96
289
489
Total
1,275
3,834
6,366
There are 31 big Industries set up in this district and their
in cement in the said business is Rs. 143.60 Crore and have generated employment
to the tune of 2480.
Horticulture Industry
The govt. has taken steps to develop this district as a Horticulture
District. Its climate is quite suitable for the plantation of mango grafts
and cashew saplings and hence plantation of these trees is being done on a
large scale both individually and through the govt. Scheme like the Employment
Guarantee Scheme and Horticulture Development Scheme etc. With the result
that there is a possibility of a very large scale production of mango and
cashew in the near future. At present the local mango production is utilised
for the large local demand for this fruit. This local scale of mangoes fetches
very attractive prices and consequently , the fruit Processing Units find
it hard to procure adequate quantity of mangoes for processing . However,
in the very near future , this difficulty will disappear as and the fruit
processing unit will not starve for want of the raw material. At present the
following processing units are functioning in the district :
Mango Canning Units
37 Units.
Mango Pickle Units
16 Units.
Cashew Processing Units
6 Units .
Kokum Pulp Units
31 Units.
Having a coast of 167 km. in length, naturally fishing profession
is a thriving business in the coastal area of the district . The following
statistics will give a fairly good idea of the fishing activities in the district
:-
The present day fishing is carried with the help of mechanised
and non mechanised fishing vessels. The biggest fishing trawler are generally
45 feet in length with six cylinder engines and they carry out the fishing
operations by using the trawling nets and the pursues net upto 40 fathom depth.
However , the area of 3690 Sq. Mt. upto the depth of 100 fatmouth does not
come under their operation because of their limits. Bigger and
equipped with all modern facilities fishing trawlers must be used by the fishermen
to operate in the untouched area.
Transport and Communication Network
The following table summarises the transport and communication
network in the district :
·
Number of National Highways
2
·
Length (in km) of National Highways
213
·
State Highways (in km)
993.85
·
ZP roads (in km)
4125.77
·
Number of bridges on rivers
51
·
Number of ST depots
8
·
Number of villages not accessible by ST
64
·
Number of ports /jetties
11 ports, 156 jetties
·
Number of boats
104
·
Number of railway stations with mail/express halts
13
·
Number of railway bridges
48
·
Non-electrified railway routes (in km)
250
·
Electrified railway routes (in km)
-----
·
Number of unmanned railway crossings
3
·
Number of airports
1
· In Ratnagiri district roads is the main source of
communication. Due to the predominantly hilly tract and specific geographic
conditions every village in the district is divided in wadis (hamlets) and
due to the small and big streams and rivers , the communication by road becomes
difficult in the absence of bridge and sakavs (foot-bridges) during the rainy
season which is very heavy in this district. The average rainfall is 3225
mm. The work of construction of small and big bridges has been given priority
in the district. Similarly, the work of asphalting of roads has also been
given priority.
· Excluding the roads in the Municipal Council’s
Jurisdiction, the road length in Ratnagiri district is 5268 km. Out of which
2298 km. Roads are asphalted and 2550 roads have W.B.M. surface. The Public
Works department of the state government maintains 65.45% of the asphalted
roads while the maintenance of 34.55% asphalted roads is carried out by the
Zilla Parishad. Out of the 420 km.of Katcha roads, the maintenance of
98.33% of the roads is carried out by the Zilla Parishad and the remaining
1.67% Katcha roads are maintained by the Public Works Department of the government.
· During the year , 1994-95 , 39753 vehicles were
registered with District Transport Officer. During the subsequent year
this number has been increased and now it is 44290. Out of these vehicle 60.53%
are taxies are 0.27% and the rickshaws 11.15%.
· The daily production of the cement produced by
the Narmada Cement Company and the Finolex Company at Ranpar , which
is useful for manufacturing plastic articles , is dispatched to the out station
in the states , the transporting activities are the most in Ratnagiri taluka
than at any other place in the district. Similarly the transport of frozen
fish and transport of the mangoes during the season also requires a lot of
trucks.
· As stated above , the roads was the only
viable means of transport in this district until now but with the advent of
the Konkan Railway , the pressure of transport on the trucks and lorries
has now eased to some extent. The travelling public , who was entirely depending
on the monopolised State Road Transport , has now the alternate choice of
travelling through the Konkan Railway.
· During the past there was another source
of travelling available to the people i.e. the steamer service. This was the
very popular means of transport of the people of the district . In addition
some private Transporters ply their private luxury tourist buses which are
air conditioned and have a good response from the upper middle class people
of the district.
· There is an air -strip at Ratnagiri
which was used for the air transport of passengers by small air planes. But
now the private passenger transport has ceased to operate. There are however
, no basic facilities available at the said airstrip.
· The Maharashtra State Transport Corporation
has been transporting 2.31 Lakh Passengers Daily on 855 routes by deploying
606 passengers buses.
· The other means of communication is
the post and Telegraph Offices. During the year 1995-96, there were 636
post offices functioning in this district out of which 152 post
offices also function as Telegraph Office.
· During the year 1995-96 there were 15155
telephones functioning in the district . Now there are 82 Exchanges with more
than 19000 telephone connections.
Proposed Developments
Construction of new dams
To irrigate the cultivable land , survey and investigation have
identified 103 schemes which are feasible and where dams can be constructed.
There is no scope for major projects , (having irrigation
more than 10000 Ha.).
There are four medium projects (having irrigation from 2000 to
10000 Hs.) and 99 minor projects 23 projects are completed , 39 project
are under construction , 26 projects are administratively approved but not
budgeted and 11 schemes are under investigation.
RISK ASSESSMENT AND VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Economic, Social, Educational and Occupational
Profile of the Population
· Ratnagiri district covers an area of 8249
sq km.
· The total population of the district is 15.39
lakhs, majority of which (91%) resides in rural areas.
· Males constitute 45% while females 55%.
Ratnagiri is the most densely populated tahsil with 271 persons /sq.km. while
the least dense is Rajapur with only 139 persons /sq.km.
· Agriculture is the major source of livelihood
and although more than 71% of the land is fit for cultivation, less than half
is actually under crops.
· Most of the usable land is rendered
useless by the hilly terrain and influx of salt water due to the numerous
creeks. Rice is cultivated along the valley floors, while cereals are grown
on the cultivable land on hill tops.
· Since agriculture alone cannot be the
sole source of livelihood, atleast one able person from each household has
migrated to Mumbai either for a job or for business. Hence for many years,
Ratnagiri district was said to have a “Money Order Economy”.
· Opportunities for self employment have
increased in the past 10 years primarily in the tourism sector ; Large number
of job opportunities have been created by the growing industrialisation in
the district.
· Mango Plantation is a major land
use category ; the “Alphonso” variety is a major export commodity
; harvesting of the fruit during the summer times involves a large number
of casual labour.
Disaster Specific Proneness
Floods
· All the major rivers in the district originate
in the east in the foothills of the Sahaydri ranges and flow towards the west
to drain in to the Arabian Sea.
· The drainage can be demarcated into 20 watersheds,
each covering an area of about 150 to 200 km².
· Rivers are generally flooded during the monsoon
but remain almost dry during the summer
· Major rivers in the district are :
Savitri
Vashishti
Shastri
Kodivli
Vaghotan
· Gad, Kashyap and Bav are tributaries
of Shastri river
· Jagbudi, Vatsala, Kajral etc are tributaries
of the Vashishti.
The frequency of flooding and amount of area inundated
by the various rivers is :
Name
of the river
Flooding
Frequency
Location
and extent of area inundated (worst case) in km²
Corresponding
flood damage in Rs.
Arjuna
Twice a year
Kondetad, Dhopeshwar and
Rajapur Municipal area.(4.9 km²)
Nil
Savitri
Twice a year
Nil
Vashishti
Twice a year
Chiplun Municipal Area,
Petmap, Govalkot, Kherdi (2.2 km²)
Rs.10,000/-
Shastri
Twice a year
6.69 km² in the adjoining
fields
Nil
Jagbudi
Twice or thrice a year
3 km² in Khed town and
Khed - Dapoli Road area
Nil
Narangi
Twice or thrice a year
2 km² of the Khed dapoli
road and adjoining area
Nil
Bav
Twice or thrice a year
2.5 km² in the agricultural
fields
Nil
Muchkundi
Twice a year
0.35 km² in adjoining fields
Nil
Saptalingi
Once a year
0.15 km²
Nil
Kajali
Once or thrice a year
0.75 km²
Nil
Sonavi
once a year
1.02 km²
Nil
Gadgadi
once a year
0.60 km²
Nil
Gad
once a year
0.65 km²
Nil
Past Occurrences of Floods
¨
Occurrences of floods in the last 30 years
: Five
¨ Number of deaths
: Nine
¨ Total loss
: Rs.91,54,679/-
¨ Expenditure incurred
on relief and rehabilitation :
Instrumentation
Flood Monitoring Stations
Sr.No.
Name
of the station
Taluka
Type
Catchment
Area(km²)
Remarks
1.
Pastewadi
Sangameshwar
B
47.25
2.
Powarwadi
Lanja
B
39.57
Upgradation
3.
Kumbharkani
Sangameshwar
C
130.04
proposed under NHP
4.
Poynar
Khed
C
29.56
”
5.
Chatav
Khed
C
130.66
”
6.
Mirwane
Chiplun
C
11.94
”
7.
Latwan
Mandangad
C
19.45
”
8.
Karak
Rajapur
C
26.96
”
9.
Raypatan
Rajapur
B
99.56
”
10.
Asga
Lanja
C
7.02
”
11.
Shembavane
Rajapur
C
14.23
”
12.
Kakewadi
Rajapur
B
6.08
”
Rainfall Monitoring Stations
· There are 92 rainfall monitoring stations
in the district maintained by the Irrigation Department. These stations are
spread over the whole district. (List in Annexure IV )
· Nine rainfall monitoring stations are maintained
by the Revenue Department at each of the taluka headquarters. (List in Annexure
IV)
Flood Prone areas in the district
Name of the scheme
River/Nalla
Affected Population
Chiplun Taluka
Sayyadwadi Pophali
Vashishti
135 (27 families)
Kamathe
Shiv Nalla
5 (1
family)
Shiv Nadi (Chiplun Municipal
Area)
Shiv
--------
Gandhareshwar
Vasishti
One temple
Dapoli Taluka
Elane
Kesari
25 (5 families)
Lanja Taluka
Rinagane (Gangowadi)
Local nalla
25 (5 families)
Rajapur Taluka
Yerdav
Arjuna
5 (1 family)
Wadapeth -Adivare
Local nalla
60 (12 families)
Raypatan
Arjuna
120 (24 families)
Pachal
Arjuna
5 (1
family)
Ratnagiri Taluka
Gavade - Ambere
Khadi
205 (41 families)
Sangameshwar Taluka
Sonawade
Gadgadi
130 (26 families)
Kondgaon
Kajavi
205 (41 families)
Devade
Kajavi
180 (36 families)
Bhadakamba
Kajavi
45 (9 families)
Flood prone areas in other irrigation schemes proposed
/ underway
a. Tangar Irrigation Project, Tal. Dapoli
Name
of village
Distance
Probable
from dam
Houses
Population
Paratewadi
690 m
63
315
Patilwadi
700 m
19
95
Tangar Gaothan
2000 m
150
750
Mohalla
2100 m
70
350
Hativ
5000 m
350
1750
b. Barewadi M.I.Tank, Tal. Rajapur (list of villages under
caution zone and anticipated water column)
Name
of village /wadi
Distance
from dam in m
Shelter
area details
Probable
houses affected
Probable
population affected
Barwadi(Soundal)
600-1500
Open space
at RBC Ch.1100m
15
99
Ghagwadi (Soundal)
1000
Open space
near Kumbharwadi
22
149
Kumbharwadi
1300
”
30
167
Bhalekarwadi
2000
”
---
---
Patilwadi
2500
Open space
near Boudhwadi
23
199
Soundal
3500
Open space
near RBC tail end
High School
Soundal
3600
Bazar peth
Nursery
Soundal
4000
Bazarpeth
Dist.Road
c. Pimpar Dam Project (List of villages in anticipated
flood zone downstream of dam)
Village/Town
Distance
Probable
no. of affected
from
dam
Houses
Population
Pimpar
2 km
250
1250
Wadjai temple (Welneshwar)
4 km
1 temple
Nagzari (Adur)
7.3 km
22
110
Pomendi
7.6 km
---
----
Palshet
11 km
300
1500
d. Natuwadi Medium Project, Tal. Khed (list of villages
in the anticipated flood zone)
Name
of village
Distance
from dam
Shelter
area details
Probable
no. of houses affected
Probable
afected population
Natuwadi Project Colony
0.50 km
Irrigation
Bungalow
40
200
Morewadi
1 km
Wadi Khavati
50
250
Katkarwadi
2 km
Dhotrewadi
gaothan
10
50
Borghar
3 km
Borghar
gaothan
30
150
Sonarwadi
5 km
30
150
Kalmani (Bk.)
9 km
Maharwadi
30
150
Hambirwadi
8.5
km
”
25
125
Sutarwadi
9.3 km
25
125
Mohalla near Khed
15
km
Khed gaothan
95
475
· In Ratnagiri
district, some towns and villages like Khed, Sangameshwar, Chiplun, Kherdi
and Rajapur are always inundated when there is a continuous downpour for two
to three days. The swift flowing rivers in the vicinity of these towns are
blocked by the incoming high tide resulting in water encroaching upon it’s
banks and flooding the low lying parts of these villages/towns. Past experience
has shown that the flood waters receede after a few hours during thr low tide.
· As the floods are due to continuous
heavy downpour accompanied by the stormy gusts of wind, damages are caused
due to the falling of big trees or big branches of trees standing near the
houses of the people. Secondly, continuous lashing of the heavy showers affect
the mud-walls of the house of the rural people and their houses or some parts
of the houses cave in requiring shifting of their inmates to some safe places.
· There is no disaster management action plan
or co-ordination plan for emergency response during floods. However the district
machinery is well geared up for a co-ordinated response during floods.
· Before the commencement of the rainy season,
every Tahsildar convenes a tahsil level meeting of the prominent officers
and citizens.
· The Collector at the district level
also convenes a meeting of SDOs, Tahsildars and other concerned officials
; a Control room which works round the clock during the monsoon season is
set up at the district and taluka levels.
· The only control room in the district
which functions round the clock throughout the year is at the Office of the
Superintendent of Police
· If a dam is breached during heavy rainfall,
the people living in the downstream areas are alerted and evacuated
to safer places by Irrigation dept. and Revenue officials .
· Khed, Chiplun and Rajapur Municipal Council
areas, which are flood prone, have the standard Blue Zone and Red Zone demarcation
- no new constructions are permitted in the Blue Zone.
· A Disaster Warning Receiver has been installed
at the Collectorate ; warnings received about torrential rains or stormy winds
are then faxed to the concerned Tahsildars and SDOs.
Earthquakes
· Ratnagiri district
does not have a long history of seismicity.
· There has been only one major earthquake
in the past - the Koynanagar earthquake of 11th December 1967.
¨ The earthquake was
felt all over the district, but the most affected talukas were Chiplun and
Sangameshwar.
¨ The housing at that time was dominated
by mud houses; stone houses had wall of roughly cut stone; both types not
suited to withstand powerful tremors.
¨ The earthquake also affected the districts
of Satara, Sangli and Kolhapur along with Ratnagiri and the cumulative damage
was - 66,000 houses from 28 villages collapsed completely ; 88,000 houses
were partially damaged.
¨ In Ratnagiri district, loss of lives was only
3, and total loss was Rs.2,96,107/-
· After this tragic event, there has been
no major earthquake tremor with epicentre in the district, and chances of
such an event appear to be rare given the geological framework of Ratnagiri
district.
· Severe earthquakes of the magnitude
of 6.00 or more rector scale would have disastrous effects especially in the
rural areas where the majority of the houses are built of mud and stones or
only mud . Katcha mud bricks are also used . there houses are vulnerable to
earthquakes and there is a great risk of human and cattle casualties due to
falling of the Katcha structures.
· The other risk is of falling of boulders
on the roads in ghat area and that of landslides causing blockade of road
traffic and also accidental deaths if the landslides engulf the passing traffic
in the ghat area. This also has a potential of the rocks and the earthquakes
Tremors are subsided.
¨ The Western Ghat Escarpment which forms the
eastern boundary of the district is supposed to be recent fault.
¨ Also the Konkan region shows distinct evidence
of neotectonic activity.
¨ The Koyna Dam , which is very near , has a
continuous record of seismicity since 1967, albeit of smaller magnitudes.
¨ The proliferation of industries - chemical,
plastics and other potentially hazardous industries - in Ratnagiri is special
cause for concern.
¨ Lote Parshuram MIDC, which has a very
large number of chemical industries is situated in Chiplun taluka, the taluka
closest to Koynanagar.
Epidemics
· The district
administration has given epidemics a low rank for past occurrences and indicated
a low probability of future occurrence.
· In the past there have been 8
episodes of epidemics which have claimed 290 lives , expenditure incurred
by the district administration on relief and rehabilitation being Rs.46,35,560/-.
· The risk of epidemics can be gauged
with the help of the following points :
¨ Piped water supply is given to only
a few areas in the district.
¨ 9% of the population lives in flood
prone areas. Flood also rank high in terms of probability of future occurrence.
Chances of epidemics during flood events are very high due to contaminated
water.
¨ Only four towns have a Fire Brigade
service ; even this staff is not properly trained nor is it full time.
¨ There is only one water quality monitoring
laboratory in the whole district at Ratnagiri.
¨ There are a minimum of 6-7 poison centres
in each taluka.
· Epidemics are mainly due to diseases
like Cholera, Gastro, Diarrhoea, Dysentry, Infective Hepatitis, etc.
· The industrial establishments
at Lote in Khed Taluka Parshuram, Gane, Khadpoli in Chiplun Taluka are, of
late, causing pollution problems. Their effluents are percolating in the water
of the drinking wells of the neighbouring locality, or their leaking pipes
are spreading the effluents in the agricultural lands of the farmers rendering
them infertile and causing a great loss. The effluents flow into some
neighbouring nallah or creeks which ultimately into the sea resulting in a
great deal of fish dying of water pollution. Selling of such dead fish by
some unscrupulous fishermen and eating such fish by the unsuspecting villagers
cause diarrhea or gastro-enteritis.
· Acute Dysentry is the most common
disease, with there having being more than 7000 incidences of minor and major
epidemics throughout the district since 1977 to 1996.
· Gastro is common in the talukas
of Dapoli, Chiplun, Ratnagiri and Sangameshwar.
· Diarrhoea affects the talukas of Rajapur,
Ratnagiri, Chiplun, Sangameshwar, Khed and Dapoli.It is seen that water borne
diseases account for a major share of the epidemics in Ratnagiri.
· Talukas where rapid urbanisation and
industrialisation is taking place (Ratnagiri, Chiplun, Khed and Sangameshwar)
are highly prone to such contaminated water related epidemics.
Industrial and Chemical Accidents
· The district administration considers
a moderate probaility of future occurrence for industrial and chemical disasters.
· There have been 53 accidents in
the past which have lead to 35 deaths and a cumulative los of Rs.23,35,000/-.
· By the end of 1995, there were
248 registered factories out of which 40 were closed. The remaining 238 running
industries employ cumulatively 9711 workers.
· The major industries in the district
include M/S JK Files, Narmada Cement, Henkel Chemicals, NOCIL, Gharda, Tata
Chemicals, Finolex etc.
· Chemical industries dominate,
and the MIDC estate at Lote Parshuram in Chiplun Taluka has most of these
major chemical industries. Other estates include those at Gane Khadpoli and
Kherdi in Chiplun taluka and Mirjole in Ratnagiri taluka.
· The risk of industrial and chemical
disasters in Ratnagiri district has to be viewed in the context of the following
points :
¨ There are 34 toxic and chemical industries
in the district. List of fire and gas leakage prone industries is given in
Annexure II.
¨ Chiplun, Khed and Ratnagiri talukas
have begun industrialisation on a large scale with the State Government granting
various subsidies and also basic facilities.
¨ Chemical, Plastics, agrochemicals etc
(potentially hazardous) dominate the types of industries.
¨ Rapid urbanisation of the towns of Ratnagiri,
Chiplun and Khed has resulted in settlements shfting more towards the periphery
of these towns and hence closer to industrial estates.
¨ Only four towns (Ratnagiri, Chiplun, Khed
and Rajapur) have fire tenders manned however by untrained and part time staff.
¨ There is only one pollution control centre
in the district at Ratnagiri.
Road Accidents
· The district
has a good network of state and National Highways. (List of major highways
and major bridges in the district is given in Annexure VII and VIII)
· The Mumbai
- Goa highway has heavy traffic throughout the year as till now it was the
only transport link between the Konkan region and the state capital, Mumbai.
· The Ratnagiri
Kolhapur road through the Amba Ghat and the road to Satara through the Kumbharli
Ghat are also major roads in terms of traffic movement - both passenger and
goods.
· Risk
of road accidents in Ratnagiri district has to be viewed in the context of
the following points :
¨ Increased industrialisation
has led to an increase of cargo movement either to Mumbai or to the upland
towns of Pune, Kolhapur, Karad etc.
¨ Although the Mumbai-Goa
Highway bypasses the major towns of Ratnagiri, Rajapur and Chiplun, it still
passes through other major towns of Lanja, Sangameshwar etc.
¨ The abundance of
chemical factories in Chiplun, Ratnagiri and Khed talukas has lead to an increase
in the transport of hazardous raw materials/finished products along the national
and state highways.
¨ Many road sections
in the district are through hilly terrain having steep gradients, blind corners,
narrow roads etc.
¨ There is a problem
of dense fog during early morning in the ghat sections of Amba, Kumbharli,
Kasheli and Nivali.
Fires
· In Ratnagiri
districts fires occur in rural areas especially during the month of May when
traditionally farmers burn heaps of dried leaves of trees, grass etc At times
gusty winds may blow the sparks to the thatched roofs of the huts of the farmers
whose houses are nearby. Some times cattle sheds may also catch fire due to
these flying sparks and some cattle suffer burns or are burnt alive if not
rescued.
· At the
times the thatched roofs of the houses of farmers catch fire when the sparks
in the rural kitchens blow up to the roofs or Kerosene lamps burn wild
to cause fire. In most of the rural areas the scene of infernos or wild fires
are seen which go on burring hectares of grassy land and hill tops often
damaging the naturally grown trees and plantation of mango grafts or cashew
plants. These fires are either caused by the sparks from the burning fields
or by the carelessly thrown on extinguished buts of cigarettes or biddies.
· As it
is difficult to extinguishing the wild fires, they are helplessly allowed
to burn. These fires are extinguished when they reach some areas which are
devoid of any grass or shrubs or are skirted by rivers beds. However,
in case of houses or huts catching fire the neighbours and the houses owners
try to extinguish the fire by using whatever water is available with them.
The houses are generally reduced to ashes as there is no effective equipment
like a fire tender or fire-extinguishing to put off fire.
· Moreover
the houses in the village goathan (residential area) also catch fire. Sometimes
it is not possible to call for the fire tender from the Municipal Council
in the neighbouring towns / cities ( if any) as there are no roads wide enough
for the Fire tender to reach the spot. It would be better if the village
Panchayat keep Fire- Extinguishers to help people in extinguishing fire.
· The cities
in Ratnagiri district viz. Khed, Chiplun, Ratnagiri & Rajapur have
Municipal Councils. But these cities are so congested and their roads are
so narrow that the fire-tenders at times prove useless in reaching the spot
where fires are burning. However, by using long hoze-pipes the fire can be
put off.
· The cities
and towns in Ratnagiri districts are very congested and residential and commercial
area are often mixed up. Fire caused in domestic area or in commercial area
could be very hazardous to both. Moreover, there is no system of hydrants
having been laid down in any of the cities and towns in Ratnagiri district.
Hence, once a big fire is caused due to any reasons, it takes a heavy toll
of valuable properties before it is put off. Though the incidents of fires
are less in the towns, cities and villages, once they occur they cause heavy
damages.
· There
is no Fire-Brigades or fair fighting tainered squads with any of the
Municipal Councils. They have Fire-Fighters but excepting Ratnagiri Municipal
Councils none have the foam fire fighting system. Some of the big industrial
establishments like the Finolex Company have their own fire-fighter but no
fire-fighting trained staff.
· The risk
of fires in Ratnagiri district has also to be viewed in context of the possibility
of industrial accidents as well as road accidents.
· Although
risk of fires in urban areas is omnipresent due to domestic factors as well
as due to negligence, location of LPG depots and petrol pumps in congested
areas etc., this is true for almost all districts.
· &nbssp;
In Ratnagiri district, the risk of fires is compounded by the heavy industrialisation
especially in Khed, Chiplun and Ratnagiri tahsils, and considerable transport
of hazardous chemicals along the National and State highways in the district.
· The recent
proliferation of chemical and hazardous industries in the district and the
resultant increase in transportation of hazardous raw materials and
finished goods along the highways, has considerably increased the risk of
major fires in the future.
Cyclones
· Cyclones
have rarely affected Ratnagiri district with a dominant damaging effect in
the past. However, its 167 Km long coast and its heavy monsoon season could
attract cyclones.
· The possible
damaging effect of the cyclones could be as follows:
i) High tidal waves of a great magnitude could sweep the
local population trade business
and sweep the industry power installation
in the coastal towns and villages.
ii) There would be temporary shortage of potable
drinking water as water in the wells
could be transformed into the blakish
water at least for some days. Moreover the silt
that would enter the wells with the dashing
waves would make it unbygenic. All wells
will have be given dosages of TLC powder.
iii) There would a big problem of providing shelter to
the poor people whose houses / huts
would be sweep away by the big
tidal waves.
iv) The impact of the velocity of the stormy winds and
the tidal waves could entail
uprooting of big trees or breaking
of big branches of big trees which could badly
damage the houses or other structure
like Government office buildings, buildings of
schools colleges , hospital etc.
Disaster Probability
Damage
Earthquake
Floods
Cyclones
Epidemics
Industrial
& Chem. Accidents
Fires
Road Accidents
Loss of lives
Medium
Medium
Medium
Low
Medium
Low
Medium
Injuries
Medium
Low
Medium
Low
Medium
Low
Medium
Damage to &destruction
to property
High
Medium
High
Low
Low
Low
Medium
Damage to cattle and livestock
Low
Low
Low
High
Low
Medium
Low
Damage to subsistence and
crops
Low
Medium
Medium
Low
Low
Medium
Low
Disruption of lifestyle
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Disruption of community
life
Medium
Medium
Medium
Low
Low
Low
Low
Loss of livelihood
Low
Low
Medium
Low
Low
Low
Low
Disruption of services
Medium
Low
Medium
Low
Low
Low
Low
Damage to infrastructure
and/or disruption of govt. systems
Medium
Low
Medium
Low
Low
Low
Low
Impact on National Economy
Medium
Low
Medium
Low
Low
Low
Low
Specific Vulnerability of Systems
and Services to Disaster Events inRatnagiri
District
Specific
Vulnerability of
Vulnerable
to
Earthquake
Floods
Cyclones
Epidemics
Fires
Road
Accidents
Indl.
& Chemical Accidents
Transport Systems (road
network)
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Transport Systems (rail
network)
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
Power supply
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
Water Supply
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Sewage
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Hospitals
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Food stock and supplies
No
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
Telecommunication
systems
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
Ranking and Probability of Future
Occurrence of Various Disasters in Ratnagiri
District
Event
Ranking
in terms of past
Probability
of future occurrence
occurrences
High
Medium
Low
Earthquake
Low
*
Floods
Low
*
Cyclones
Low
*
Epidemics
Low
*
Industrial & Chemical
accidents
*
Fires
Low
*
Road Accidents
Low
*
Annexure I Case Studies
Of Disaster Episodes In The District
Earthquake :
Date : 11th December 1967 at 4.10 a.m.
Place : Koynanagar, in Sangli District
Magnitude : 6 on Richter Scale
The earthquake affected mainly the talukas of Chiplun and
Sangameshwar. Other districts affected included Satara, Sangli and Kolhapur.
Damage was extensive to mud and stone houses in the district
with the total los due to the earthquake being Rs.2,96,107/-. However death
toll was only 3.
The houses in the villages in Ratnagiri district are generally
constructed with trap-stone walls. The stones are also not properly
cut and carved but are rough pieces brought from the quarry. Many houses
have mud walls. The walls were not expected to withstand a powerful
impact of earthquake and gave way as soon as the powerful tremors of about
6 Richter Scale rocked the villages, killing and injuring a number people.
Government help was rushed to the spot immediately, but
except rescue operations of digging out the injured and dead persons from
out of the debris of the collapsed houses, other things took some time to
get organised.
Temporary shelters were errected by using the tarpaulins
from the Government godowns, in the first instance, which were followed by
temporary shelters of alluminium and GCI sheets. 290 GCI sheets were supplied
by Executive Engineer, Mula Canal Division, No.1, Ahmednagar, costing Rs.4015.58
while 850 alluminium sheets were supplied at the cost Rs.25,625/- with nuts
and bolts.
The Indian Red Cross Society, had placed an order with
M/s.Ogale Glass Works, Ogalewadi, district Satara, for supply of 5000 Prabhakar
Lanterns, which have been a standard model of kerosene lanterns. These
lanterns were distributed to the affected people through the relief camps.
The cost of the lanterns was Rs.29,591.66.
One post of Deputy Collector, viz. Deputy Collector, Earthquake
Relief, Chiplun and one post of Tahsildar viz. Additional Tahsildar, Earthquake
Relief Work, Chiplun were created to look after the various types of earthquake
relief works and to organise relief to the affected people.
A loan of Rs.1500/- was sanctioned to the sufferers of
the calamity, for repairs and reconstruction of their houses. Some instalments
of the loans were recovered from the persons who were granted the loans but
the balance of loan instalments were waived by government of Maharashtra under
government Resolution, Revenue and Forests Department, No.CLS-5977/182050/M-3,
dated the 7th February,1978.
Floods and Landslides
The commencement of the rainy season is generally accompanied
by stormy winds, heavy lightning and thunder showers. During the year
1983, the summer season was more hot than the previous year and the monsoon
started with light drizzles, by 8th June, 1983 and by 23rd June 1983 it poured
cats and dogs, entailing in heavy floods, a lot of falling of big and small
trees on the National Highway No.17 and other roads, and a number of landslides
on the National Highway No.17 (Mumbai State Highway No.3).
Though the entire district was heavily lashed by the torrential
rains, Sangmeshwar village of Sangmeshwar Taluka, through which the National
Highway passes, was the worst hit owing to the down pour on the 26th and 27th
June,1983. There are four rivers in the vicinity of this village viz.,
Shastri river, Bav river, Gad river and Saptalingi river. The heavy
downpour in the catchment area of these rivers entailed in their running in
full spate but the high tide retarded their flow and the flood water swelled
and entered not only the low lying area adjoining their banks but the neighbouring
villages. Sangameshwar had all time high level of the flood water.
The villages viz. Mhabale Navadi, Kasba Sangameshwar, Rampeth,
Wandri, Kurdhunda and Makhjan were also hit badly. 93 houses in
these villages collapsed completely and 394 houses were damaged partially.
In addition to the houses, 15 cattle sheds were completely damaged and 54
cattlesheds were damaged partially. The total loss was calculated to
be Rs.98,60,285/-. The affected persons were paid cash dole to the tune
of Rs.1,65,000/-. In all 23448 people were found to have been affected
by the floods. An amount of Rs.34,08,126/- was distributed by way of
subsidy.
Eight persons were drowned in the floods and 12 heads of
cattle were swept away by the floods. Compensation as per Government
orders then existing, was paid to the heirs of the persons who lost their
lives in the floods.
In 135 villages of the Taluka 9055 Khatedars (landholders)
suffered agricultural loss. These Khatedars were paid subsidy of Rs.8,35,821/-.
The vehicular traffic on Ratnagiri-Kolhapur road was completely
disrupted for 3 days and that on the Mumbai-Goa national highway was distrupted
for six days, owing to the enormous landslides and falling of big tree near
Sangameshwar.
Annexure II Fact Sheets
On Hazardous Industries
Name of the Industrial Estate:- Deorukh (Sadvali)
Mini industrial Estate
Location in the form of address:- Deorukh
(Sadvali) Mini Industrial Estate
Tal. Sangmeshwar, Dist. Ratnagiri.
Note: In this Industrial Area, MIDC has allotted
54 plots and one is vacant - units are under construction.
FACT SHEET NO. 1
1
Factory Identity -
National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd., Agrochemicals Division
3
Principal Activity - Manufactre of Agrochemicals
Fact Sheet 1 contd..
4
Hazardous Chemicals -
1 Monocrotophos
2 Cypermethrin
3
Dichlorvos
4
Phosphamidon
5 Chloropyriphos
6 Chlorine
7 Ortho Zylene
8 Trichloroacetaldehyde
( Chloral )
9 Trimethyl Phosphite
10 Sodium cyahide
11 Toluene
12 Dichloroethane
13 Triethyl amine
14 Isoprpyl alcohol
5
Maximum inventory in tonnes of storage -
1 Monocrotophose
- Technical
70 MT
- Formulated
110 KL
2 Cypermethrin
- Technical
10 MT
- Formulated
40 KL
3 Dichlorvos
- Technical
60 MT
- Formulated
40 KL
4 Phosphamidon
- Technical
100 MT
- Formulated
40 KL
5 Chloripyriphos
- Technical
50 MT
- Formulated
150 KL
6 Chlorine
20 MT
7 Ortho Xylene
90 MT
8 Chloral
20 MT
9 Trimethyl Phosphite
160 MT
10 Sodium Cyanide
2 MT
11 Toluene
90 MT
12 Dichloroethane
22 MT
13 Triethyl amine
5 MT
14 Isopropyl alcohol
10 MT
6
Maximum inventory in tonnes in processing system -
1 Monocrotophos
- Technical
7.5 MT
- Formulated
40 KL
2 Cypermethrin
- Technical
1.1 MT
- Formulated
40 KL
3 Dichlorvos
- Technical
7.5 MT
- Formulated
15 KL
4 Phosphamidon
- Technical
4 MT
- Formulated
15 KL
5 Chloropyriphos
- Technical
- MT
- Formulated
40 KL
6 Chlorine
7 MT
7 Ortho Xylene
1 MT
8 Chloral
15 MT
Fact Sheet1 contd...
9 Trimethyl Phosphite
8 MT
10 Sodium Cyanide
0.15 MT
11 Toluene
30 MT
12 Dichloroethane
2 MT
13 Triethyl amine
0.15 MT
14 Isopropyl alcohol 0.5
MT
7
Consequences of major hazards from storage fire -
Fumes/ Heat release/ Toxic release.
Tank collapse/ Equipment failure.
Spillage/ Toxic release/ Release odorous chemical
8
Consequence of major hazards from processing -
same as above (7).
9
Physical range of consequence of propagation of fire -
Sophisticated fire fighting facilities exist, hence effect
of major fire will not the felt outside the factory area.
Propagation of fumes, products of decomposition will depend
on quantity involved, direction of wind, atmospheric condition, however, it
gets diluted below hearmful concentrations very rapidly.
Equipment failure -
Elaborate scrubbing and neutralisation facilities are provided
for likely failure in chlorine system. In case of TMP , with a low odour threshold,
smell may be noticed in plant and adjoining areas but there will be no risk
of any toxic exposure.
10 Emergency
action (within 5 minutes of occurrence ) -
Inform shift production officer.
Inform fire station/ security/ duty team leader/ medical center
Activate on-site emergency management plan. operating crew isolates the source
of leakage. emergency crew initiates fire fighting or gas containment actions,
company fire tender immediately proceed to the site
of emergency.
11 Emergency
action ( within 5 minutes of occurrence) -
Set up emergency control centre.
Call municipal fire brigade, if necessary.
Call out side ambulances, if necessary.
Alert doctor on call duty from Chiplun.
Inform local police, local authorities like sarpanch.
Initiate evacuation, if required.
Inform higher company management, statutory authorities including Directorate
Industrial Safety and Health - Kolhapur, Medical Inspector of Factories,
Mumbai.
Inform District Collector and health authorities at Ratnagiri and their representative
at Khed and Chiplun.
12 Emergency
facilities -
1 fire fighter water
storage.
2 extensive fire hydrant
system with pumps.
3 fire alarm system,
covering whole plant area.
4 fire tender.
5
foam trailers
6 miscellaneous fire
fighting accessories.
7 SCBA sets.
8 fire jeep- auxiliary
equipment vehicle.
9 fully equipped medical
centre with ambulance standby.
10 police outpost nearby.
11 doctors on call duty from Chiplun.
Response time -
Site fire crew/ Fire tender
- within 2 to 5 minutes
Spillage/toxic release/release
of odorous chemicals
7
Consequence of hazards
from processing
Same as above
8
Emergency Action within
5 minutes
Inform Shift Production
Officer
9
Emergency Action/Facility
within 15 minutes of occurrence
Call municipal Fire Brigade
if necessary, call out side ambulance if necessary, for any casualty
24 hours round the clock Jeep facility prevail in factory premises.
Alert doctor on call duty from Chiplun, Inform local Police, local
authorities like Sarpanch. Necessary medicines and Antidotes
are readily available. Inform higher company management, Statutory
authorities including factory inspector at Kolhapur and Bombay inspector
of factory.
10
Response time
15 minutes
Name of chemicals
Max. storage
In process Type
of
quantity
storage
Comapny’s Telephone No.31 is also attended round
the clock.
4
Principal Activity
Manufacturing with Storage
loading and unloading.
5
Hazardous Chemicals
1. Benzene
2. Ethyl Alcohol
6
Max. Inventory in tonnes
in storage
1. Benzene
9.6
2. Ethyl Alcohol
40
7
Inventory in tonnes in
processing
1. Benzene
3.0
2. Ethyl Alcohol
4.0
8
Consequences of major hazards
from storage
1. Fire and Explosion Hazard
2. Fire hazards
9
Consequences of major hazards
from processing
1. Fire
2. Fire
10
Physical Range of consequences
Storage
Manufacture
1. 50 m. radius
localised
2. 100 m. radius
localised
11
Emergency Actions (within
15 minutes of occurrence)
1. Benzene is highly toxic
and inflamable material. A small fire can be controlled with
the help of CO2 or DCP or foam type extinquisher. All the concerned
people in the factory will be informed by the shift in charge. If
shift incharge feels that fire may go out of his control, he will
order to close the valves in lines on upstream disconnect electric
supply and take assistance of NOCIL Fire Tender.
2. Ethyl Alcohol is highly toxic and inflammable
material. A small fire can be controlled with the help of CO2 or DCP
or foam type fire extinguishers. Shift incharge will inform all concerned
people inside the factory about possible emergency. If the fire
goes out of control, all incoming valves to be closed, power supply
disconnected and fire fighting to be done with the help of NOCIL’s
Fire Tender.
12
Emergency Action with 5
min. of occurrence.
Extinguish or control the
fire with available fire extinguisher.
13
Response Time-minutes
For Benzene and Ethyl Alcohol Hazards
Fire fighting
Police Medical Services
Immediate
30 Min. 15 Min.
14
Other Information
Factory is situated in
Lote where police help or medical services are not readily available.
We will have to depend more on NOCIL for all such help and we request
NOCIL to pass on instructions to their concerned personnel to co-operate
with neighbouring small industries during hours of their crisis.
On inhalation of SO2 the
person can suffer suffocation or vomiting sensation.
9
Physical Range of Consequences-
Storage
Manufacturing
Half Km.
Half Km.
10
Emergency Actions (Within
15 minutes of occurrence)
a. Notify Police
Phones CPN - 33, Khed-33
b. Notify Fire Brigade
Phones CPN-30, Khed-24
c. Notify Emergency Ambulance Service
Phones CPN-30, Khed-137
11
Emergency Actions (within
15 minutes of occurrence)
Notification to Fire Brigade,
Emergency Ambulance Services and Medical Services. Before reaching
outside emergency services, the factory safety team will start to
attend the emergency.
12
Emergency Facilities /Actions
Required
Fire
Police
Medical
Fighting
Services
Call on Telephone or through Messenger
13
Response Time
Fire
Police
Medical
Fighting
Services
------- 30 minutes ----------
FACT SHEET NO. 7
1
Factory Identity Address
JUPITOR INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
A-12, MIDC Lote Parshuram Next to NOCIL, Dist.Ratnagiri.
Next to NOCIL.
2
Contact personnel
1.Mr. SG Deshpande, Factory
Manager.
3
Principal Activity
Manufacturing with storage
with Loading and Unloading
4
Hazardous Chemicals
1. Vinyl Acetate Monomer
(VAM)
2. Chlorosulphonic Acid (CSA)
5
Maximum Inventory in Tonnes
of storage
1. VAM - 5.0 MT
2. CSA - 5.0 MT
6
Inventory in tonnes in
processing system
1. VAM - 0.2 MT
2. CSA - 0.06 MT
7
Consequences of Major Hazards
from Storage
1. VAM - Fire
2. CSA - 0.06 MT
8
Consequences of Major Hazards
from processing
------- same as above -------
9
Physical range of Consequences
1. Within factory premises
2. CSA fumes may spread depending on air
current.
10
Emergency Actions (within
5 minutes of occurrence)
A. Notify Police
B. Notify Fire Brigade
C. Notify Emergency Ambulance Service
D. Notify Evacuation Squad
11
Emergency Actions (within
15 minutes of occurrence)
Summary of Action Plan
as below.
12
Emergency Facilities/ Actions
required
Fire
Police Medical
Fighting
Cording
Services
External
off area &
For
Fire Brigade
alerting
injuries and
will be
the vicinity
burn
called with
area people
FOAM
GENERATION
facilities.
13
Response time
Information will be made
available on later date.
14
Other information Physical
and Chemical
1. VAM
2. CSA
B.P. 73 0 - C, SP, gr. 0, 9354, flash point (-1.1
deg. C), Insoluble in water, soluble in most solvent, flammable limites
in air 2.6 to 13.4 %.
B.P. 158 0 - C, SP, Gr.1.76 flash point (-80 deg.
C) Decomposes in water to Sulphuric and Hydrogen on contact with most
metals corrosive.
On Bombay-Goa Highway between Herdillia and Pethe
Chemicals, turn towards North on 40 m. wide road. Our factory
is situated at the corner of this road and second cross road 30 m.
wide road towards East. This is approx. 4 km. away from NOCIL
while coming towards Bombay.
2
Contact Personnel From
the Factory
Mr. LP Bhanushali
Director (Operations)
Phone - 72427 (O)
72257 ®
Mr.DH Mirani, Production Manager
Phone - 72432 (O)
72421 (R)
3
Principal Activity
Manufacture
of Organic Fire Chemicals, Agro-Chemicals and intermediates.
4
Hazardous Chemical
a. MCA Liquor
b. Acrylonitrile
c. Chlorine
d. Di-Ethyl Thio-Phosphoril
Chloride (DETC)
e. Methylene Dichloride (MDC)
f. Pyridon
g. Hexane
h. Dimethyl Formide (DMF)
I. Thionyl Chloride
j. Tri Ethyl Amine (TEA)
k. Ammonia
l. Iso Buthylene
m. T.Butanol
n. Carbon Tetra Chloride
o. Di Ethyl Amine (DEA)
p. Iso Propyl Alcohol
q. Chloro Acetyl Chloride
r. Xylene
s. Phosphorous Penta Sulfide
t. Methanol
u. Anilophose
v. Chlorpyrophos
w. Cypermethric Acid Chloride
5
Maximum inventory in tonnes
of storage
Hazardous Chemicals
Stock in Tonnes
a. MCA Liquor
15
b. Acrylonitrile
15
c. Chlorine
25
d. Di-Ethyl Thio-Phosphoril
20
Chloride (DETC)
e. Methylene Dichloride (MDC)
15
f. Pyridin
4
g. Hexane
50
h. Dimethyl Formide (DMF)
5
I. Thionyl Chloride
20
j. Tri Ethyl Amine (TEA)
10
k. Ammonia
10
l. Iso Buthylene
15
m. T Butanol
20
n. Carban Tetra Chloride
12
o. Di Ethyl Amine (DEA)
1
p. Iso Propyl Alcohol
15
q. Chloro Acetyl Chloride
5
r. Xylene
30
s. Phosphorous Penta Sulfide
5
t. Methanol
15
u. Anilophose
100
v. Chlorpyrophos
30
w. Cypermethric Acid Chloride
30
6
Inventory in tonnes in
processing systems
Hazardous Chemicals
Stock in tonnes
a. MCA Liquor
3
b. Acrylonitrile
6
c. Chlorine
--
d. Di-Ethyl Thio-Phosphoril
1
Chloride (DETC)
e. Methylene Dichloride (MDC)
3
f. Pyridin
0.5
g. Hexane
20
h. Dimethyl Formide (DMF)
1
I. Thionyl Chloride
8
j. Tri Ethyl Amine (TEA)
8
k. Ammonia
3
l. Iso Bythulene
3
m. T.Butanol
3
n. Carban Tetra Chloride
8
o. Di Ethyl Amine (DEA)
7
p. Iso Propyl Alcohol
2
q. Chloro Acetyl Chloride
8
r. Xylene
2
s. Phosphorous Penta Sulfide
--
t. Methaol
3
u. Anilophose
12
v. Chloropyrophos
12
w. Cypermethric Acid Chloride
15
7
Consequences of major hazards
from storage
Fumes Release /Heat Realease/Toxic
8
Tank Collapse/Equipment
Failure
Spillage/Toxic Release/Rease
of odorous Chem.
9
Consequences of major hazards
from processing
Same as above
10
Physical range of Consequences
propogation
Sophisticated Fire fighting
facilities exists, hence effect of major fire will not be felt outside
the factory area. Propogation of fumes/products of decomposition
will depend on quality involved, direction of wind, atmospheric conditions,
however gets diluted below harmful concentrations very rapidly.
11
Equipment failure
Elaborate scrubbing and
neutralisation facilities are provided for likely failure in HCL,
SO2, H2S, Nhs, Chlorine systems. In case of Anilphos be noticed
in plant and adjoing area, but there will be no risk of any toxic
exposure.
12
Emergency Action (Within
5 minutes of occurrence)
Information Shift Production
Officer/Emergency Management Team. Accurate nearest alarm point Inform
Secutiry/ Main controller/ Safety Department/Occupational Health Centre.
Activate onside emergency plan operating people, isolate source of
leakage, fire fighting team initiates fire fighting or gas containment
action. First Aid and ambulance immediately proceed to site
of emergency.
13
Emergency Action within
15 minutes of occurrence
Organise Emergency Control
Call Municipal Fire Brigade call outside ambulance Alert Doctors on
call duty from Chiplun/ Lote. Inform local police, local authority
like Sarpanch initiate evacuation, if required. Inform higher
company management. Statutory authorities including factory
inspector at Kolhapur and bombay inspector of factory inform District
Collector and Health Authorities at Ratnagiri and Representative at
Khed and Chiplun.
Emergency Facilities
1. Extensive Fire Hydrant
system with pumps.
2. Fire water storage tanks
of 1100 m3.
3. Fire alarm system covering
whole plant area
4. Foam monitors
5. Self-contained breathing
apparatus (18 sets)
6. Miscellaneous fire fighting
accessaries.
7 Fully equiped occupational
Health Centre with ambulance standby.
8. Police outpost nearby at
Lote.
9 Doctors on call duty
from Chiplun.
10. Public Address System.
11. 3 buses, 2 jeeps, 2 cars.
12. 3 wind cocks.
13. Gas Monitors
14. Other facilities in occupational Health
Centre
Principal Activity : Manufacturing of various grades of
PVC
Hazardous Chemicals (storage) :
Sr.No.
Name
of the Chemical with formula
Maximum
Capacity
Mode
of storage
1.
Ethylene di-Chloride
(EDC) C2C12
40,000 MT
Atmospheric tanks
2
Vinyl chloride Monomer
(VCM) C2H3C1
1,500 MT
Spheres
3
Liq. Petroleum Gas (LPG)
C3H8 + C4H10
42 MT
Bullet
4
Ethylene
C2
11,000 MT
Atmospheric tank
5.
Chlorine
C12
16 MT
Tonners
6
Hydrogen H2
110 NM3
LPG Gas holder
Inventory in processing system
Sr.No.
Name
of the Chemical with formula
Maximum
capacity in tonnes
Mode
of Container process
1
HCL (100%)
HCL
25 MT
Buffer Vessel
2
LPG
---
Nil
-------
3
VCM
C2H3C1
150 MT (Approx)
Vessel & Dist.Column
4
EDC
C2C12
200 MT (Approx.)
Vessel & Dist.Column
5
Chlorine
C12
Nil
6
Ethylene
C2
Small quantity
Pipeline
7
Hydrogen
H2
Small quantity
Pipeline
8
Probable Major Hazard from
storage
Fumes/Heat realease/toxic
release
9
Probable major hazard from
processing
Fumes/heat release/toxic
release
10
Physical range of propogation
of each probable hazard from storage and processing
Sophisticated fire fighting
facilities exists hence effect of major fire will not be felt outside
factory area. Propagation of fumes/products of decomposition will
depend on quality involved, direction of wind, atmospheric conditions,
however gets diluted below harmful concentrations very rapidly.
11
Equipment failure
Elaborate scrubing and
neutralisation facilities are provided for likely failure in chlorine
system high velocity waterspray and Hcl detectors are provided for
HCl drum therefore there will no risk of any toxic exposure.
12
Emergency action within
5 minutes of occurrence
Inform shift incharge.
Actuate nearest fire alarm point. inform fire station/security emergency
leader.medical centre, actuate on-site emergency plan (operating crew
isolates source of leakage, emergency crew initiates fire fighting
or gas contaminet action. Company fire engine cum foam tender and
ambulance immediately proceed to site of emergency).
13
Emergency action within
15 minutes of occurrence
Call city fire brigade,
if necessary, call outside ambulance alert doctor on call duty from
Ratnagiri, inform local police local authority like Sarpanch. Initiate
evacuation, if required. Inform higher company management, statutory
authorities including factory inspector at Kolhapur and Bombay Inform
District Collector and Health Authorities at Ratnagiri.
Emergency facilities available with
their response time
Sr.No
Facility
Response
time
1
Extensive fire hydrant
system with pumps.
1 minute for delegue valve
2
Fire water storage
--------
3
Fire Alarm system covering
whole plant area
within 30 seconds
4
Fire engines (2 Nos.)
within 2-5 seconds
5
Foam Trailer
within 2-5 seconds
6
Auxilary equipment vehicle
(Jeep)
within 2-5 seconds
7
Self-contained Breathing
apparatus
within 2-5 seconds
8
Misc. Fire fighting accessaries
within 2-5 seconds
9
Fully equipped medical
centre with ambulance standby
within 2-5 seconds
10
Emergency crew
within 10 seconds
Emergency facilities available in the vicinity with their
response time
Sr.No
Facility
Response
time
1
Police outpost nearby
Approx.60 minutes
2
Doctors on call duty from
Ratnagiri
Approx. 60 minutes
3
External Fire Brigade
Approx 30 minutes
Any other useful Information The Plant is commissioned
and commercial production started since April 1994.
Annexure III Fire and Gas
Leakage prone Factories
List of factories having Fire Risk
Sr.
No.
Taluka
Address
1
RATNAGIRI
Finolex Industries Ltd.,
Ranpar, Pawas Road, Ratnagiri.
Parkar Ampules,
B - 51, MIDC, Mirjole,
Ratnagiri
2
CHIPLUN
Deokar’s Distillery,
D - 1, MIDC, Kherdi - Chiplun
Three - M - Paper Mfg.
Co-op. Ltd.,
Plot No. F-1, MIDC, Kherdi
Malti Firms Pvt. Ltd.,
C-11, MIDC, Kherdi
Glass Ampules ( I ) Ltd.,
B - 6 - 8, MIDC, Gane Khadpoli
Swastik Industries
MIDC, Kherdi
3
KHED
Towds India Exports Pvt.
Ltd.,
E - 26, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Kesar Petro Products
D - 7 / 1, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Petntokey Organic ( I )
Ltd.,
D - 1, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Shree Organic Chemicals
B - 13, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Bahar Agro - chem &
Feeds Pvt. Ltd.,
E - 24, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Excell Industries Ltd.,
Plot No. 9, MIDC, Lote
Parshuram
Gharda Chemical Ltd.,
Plot No. D - 1 / 2, MIDC,
Lote Parshuram
Maharashtra Insecticides
Ltd.,
F - 4, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Ray International Pvt.
Ltd.,
D - 18, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Schhenectedy Chemicals
( I ) Ltd.,
D - 1 / 3, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Serene Dyestuffe Industries
Ltd.,
B - ½, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Riverside Chemicals &
Pharma Pvt. Ltd.
B-6, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Indian Oxiate Ltd.,
B - 2, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
De - Nocil Crope Protection
Ltd.,
A - 1, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
H. B. L. Plastics Ltd.,
E -10, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Mhal Plastics & Fibers
Pvt. Ltd.,
E - 9, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Maharashtra Esthers &
Ketones Pvt. Ltd.,
B - 52/2, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Sulaki Chemicals Pvt. Ltd.,
C - 33, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Amarjay Chemicals
D - 12/1, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Kamal Organic Chemicals
E - 3, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Factories having risk of Gas Leakage
Sr.
No.
Taluka
Address
1
RATNAGIRI
Shaskiya Dudh Yojana
B - 21, MIDC, Ratnagiri
Naik Sea Foods Pvt. Ltd.,
Peth Killa, Ratnagiri
M. D. Naik Industries
Peth Killa, Ratnagiri
Gadre Marine Exports
Mirkarwada, Ratnagiri
Kazi Fisheries & Canned
Foods
Pawas, Ratnagiri
Ratnagiri Zilla Machhimar
Sah. Sangh Ltd.,
Ratnagiri
Ratna Sea Foods
Karla, Ratnagiri
Hanjar Ice & Cold Storage
Plot No. 169, Bhogwati
Bandar Rd., Ratnagiri
H. D. Naik Industries
Ice Plant & Cold Storage,
Peth Killa, Ratnagiri
Naik Ice Factory
Peth Killa, Ratnagiri
Nooman Ice & Cold Storage
Plot No. 43/44, Udyamnagar,
Ratnagiri
Naik Ice & Cold Storage
A – 126, Peth Killa Rd.,
Ratnagiri
Saga Ice & Cold Storage
Karla, Ratnagiri
Henkel Chemicals ( I )
Ltd.,
D - 1, MIDC, Ratnagiri
Finolex Industries Ltd.,
Ranpar, Pawas Rd., Ratnagiri
Coastal Ice Factory
Lower Lane, Ratnagiri
Ratna Ice & Cold
Karla, Ratnagiri
Ratna Ice Factory
A -32 / 1, MIDC, Mirjole,
Ratnagiri
Shankar mahadeo Ice Factory
Peth Killa, Ratnagiri
Shaik Ice & Cold Factory
460, Rajiwada, Ratnagiri
Shri Ram Ice Factory
843,Peth Killa, Ratnagiri
2
CHIPLUN
Central Dairy
Chiplun, MIDC, Kherdi
Shri Anant Ice Factory
Karad Road, Chiplun
3
KHED
K. B. Ice Factory
B - 113 / 2, MIDC, Lote
Parshuram
Shreyas Intermediates Ltd.,
D - 22, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Excel Industries Ltd.,
MIDC Area, Lote Parshuram
Gharda Chemicals Ltd.,
D - ½, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
De-Nocil Crop. Protection
Ltd.,
A - 1, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
Sulaki Chemicals Ld.,
C - 33, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
O. K. Ice Plant & Cold
Storage
Services, B - 70/4, MIDC,
Lote Parshuram
Shri Ganesh Ice Factory
B - 69, MIDC, Lote Parshuram
4
LANJA
Govt. Milk Scheme
Lanja
Ratnagiri Dairy Products
R. S. No. 495, Kuwe
5
SANGMESHWAR
Govt. Milk Scheme, Chilling
Centre, Sadawadi
Annexure IV Rainfall Monitoring Stations
(Irrigation and Revenue Depts.)
Sawarda Murtavade Khodade
Abloli Masu Jambhari Padave Tavsal Road
State Highway no. 105
12
Jaigad Nivali Road
State Highway no. 106
13
Sangmeshwar Devrukh Sakharpa
Road
State Highway no. 107
14
Ratnagiri Harcheri Devadhe
( inclusive of Kuvarbao fork ) Road
State Highway no. 108
15
Pawas Nirul Chandor Punas
Devadhe Road
State Highway no. 109
16
Dabhol Lanja Satavali Rajapur
Road
State Highway no. 110
17
Vithapeth Malkapur Anaskura
Oni Satavali Pawas Road
State Highway no. 111
18
Musakaji Rajapur Road
State Highway no. 112
19
Hativale Jaitpur Road
State Highway no. 113
20
Kharepatan Tithavali Road
State Highway no. 114
Annexure IX : List of Major Bridges
on Konkan Railway
Sr.No
Bridge
No.
Kms. From
Roha
Description
of Bridge
Name
1
S 610
198.198
6 x 20 . 2x 14.29 M ( P
S C
GIRDER, T - BEAM & SLAB )
Khedshi Setu No. 1
2
S 611
198.577
2 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Khedshi Setu No. 2
3
S 613
200.480
7 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Mahalaxmi Setu
4
S 615
201.280
2 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Khedshi Setu No. 3
5
S 624
200.707
17 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Kubar Bav Setu No. 1
6
S 625
207.300
4 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Kubar Bav Setu No. 2
7
S 626
209.515
10 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Pomendi Setu
8
S 627
211.300
2 x 30 x 9 x 40 M PSC BOX
GIRDER
Panval Setu
9
S 628
216.000
9 x 20 M PSC GRIDER 1 x
14.29M T-BEAM & SLAB
Kondvi Setu No. 1
10
S 632
217.070
10 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Kondvi Setu No. 2
11
S 635
220.396
2 x 7.5 * 4 x 10 M RCC
BEAM & SLAB
Nivsar Pul
12
S 643
223.411
2 x 75 * 6 x 10 M RCC BEAM
& SLAB
Math Pul
13
S 645
225.408
2 x 75 * 3 x 10 M RCC BEAM
& SLAB
Anjanari Pul
14
S 648
227.048
2 x 6.2 x 8. 1 x 36.1 x
8 M STIFFENED ARCH
Nandivali Pul
15
S 657
232.000
6 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Kajli Pul
16
S 680
244.555
2 x 7.5 * 7 x 10 M RCC
BEAM & SLAB
Berdewadi Pul
17
S 686
247.700
5 x 20 M PSC GIRDER 1 x
6 M RL SLAB
Muchkundi Pul
18
S 689
250.838
3 x 6 M MULTICELL
Bibvade Pul
19
S 701
261.186
6 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Karveli Pul
20
S 709
265.176
2 x 9 * 4 x 12 M RCC BEAM
& SLAB
Jambhavli Pul
21
S 714
269.336
2 x 7.5 * 6 x 10 M RCC
BEAM & SLAB
Govabvadi Pul
22
S 729
275.000
6 x 20 M PSC GIRDER
Vaghotan Pul
Annexure X : Koyna Hydroelectric Project
The Koyana Hydro Electric Project is situated in Maharashtra
State on Koyana river near Helwak about 241.35 km ( 150 Mails ) south east
of Mumbai and about 200 km from Pune along Pune - Umbraj - Malharpeth - Patan
- Chiplun road.
Koyana Hydro Electric Project is divided in 4 stages. Details
are as below …
Pophali Hydro Power Station
Stage - I :
4 Units of 65 MW each.
Stage - II :
4 Units of 75 MW each.
Alore Hydro Power Station
Stage - III :
4 Units of 80 MW each.
Stage - IV :
Under construction stage by Govt. of Maharashtra
