District - Satara

Introduction

As a part of the overall preparedness of the state, the Government of Maharashtra has a State Disaster Management Action Plan to support and strengthen the efforts of the district administration. In this context, every district has evolved it's own District Disaster Management Action Plan (DDMAP). It is expected that these multi-hazard response plans would increase the effectiveness of administrative intervention.

Multi-disaster Response Plan

The DDMAP addresses the districts’ response to disaster situations such as earthquakes, floods, cyclones, epidemics, off-site industrial disasters and roads accidents and fires. Some of these disasters such as floods and earthquakes affect large areas causing extensive damage to life, property and environment while others such as epidemics only affect large populations. In any case, the management of these disasters requires extensive resources and manpower for containment by remedial action.

The present plan is a multi-hazard response plan for the disasters and outlines the institutional framework required for managing such situations. However, the plan assumes a disaster specific form in terms of the actions to be taken by the various agencies involved in the disaster. The front-end or local level of any disaster response organisation will differ depending upon the type of disaster, but at the level of the back-end i.e., at the controlling level at the district it will almost remain same, for all types of disasters.

Objectives

The objectives of the District Disaster Management Action Plan are :

· To improve preparedness at the district level, through risk and vulnerability analysis , to disasters and to minimise the impact of disasters in terms of human, physical and material loss.

· To ascertain the status of existing resources and facilities available with the various agencies involved in the management of disasters in the district and make it an exercise in capability building of district administration. This enables the district to face a disaster in a more effective way and builds confidence across different segments of society. It will be a positive factor for long term development of the district.

· To utilise different aspects of disaster mitigation for development planning as a tool for location and area specific planning for development in the district.

· To use scientific and technological advances in Remote Sensing, GIS etc. in preparation of this plan with a view to ensure their continuous use for development planning.

· To develop a framework for proper documentation of future disasters in the district, to have an update on critical information essential to a plan, to critically analyse and appraise responses and to recommend appropriate strategies

· To evolve DDMAP as an effective managerial tool within the overall policy framework of Government of Maharashtra.

Response to disasters, in the absence of a defined plan, would be arbitrary leading to overemphasis of some actions and absence of other actions which could be critical. The objectives of any disaster management plan should be to localise a disaster and to the maximum extent possible contain it so as to minimise the impact on life, the environment and property. A formal plan for managing disasters is therefore necessary. This would include

a. pre-planning a proper sequence of response actions,

b. allocation of responsibilities to the participating agencies,

c. developing codes and standard operating procedures for various departments and relief agencies involved.

d. inventory of existing facilities and resources

e. mechanisms for effective management of resources

f. co-ordination of all relief activities including those of NGOs to ensure a coordinated and effective response.

g. Co-ordination with the State response machinery for appropriate support

h. Monitoring and evaluation of actions taken during relief and rehabilitation

"Outline of Vulnerability Assessment" prepared by CSSD/EMC has been used as the basic instrument to collate district level information to meet the database requirements for the preparation of DDMAP.

Policy Statement

The underlying policy of the DDMAP is to protect life, environment and property while ensuring mitigation of the disaster to the maximum extent possible, relief to those affected and restoration of normalcy at the earliest.

Essentially, communities draw their support from the social institutions, administrative structure, and values and aspirations they cherish. Disasters may temporarily disorganise the social units and the administrative system and disrupt their lives built around these values and aspirations. A systematic effort to put back the social life on its normal course with necessary technology support and resources will contribute significantly to the resilience of the community and nation.

This policy forms the basis of the DDMAP strategy. It aims at capacity building and prompt utilization of resources in a disaster situation through a partnership of the GOM, NGOs, Private Initiatives and the community. In pursuance with this policy, DDMAP addresses itself to strengthening the pre-disaster and post-disaster responses of various actors and stakeholders including the “victims” of the disaster.

OVERVIEW OF SATARA DISTRICT

Location

· Satara district is located in the south western part of the state of Maharashtra and lies between 17.5° to 18.11°North Latitudes and 73.33° to 74.54° East Longitudes.

· It is bounded on the north by Pune, on the south by Sangli, on the west by Ratnagiri, on the north-west by Raigad, and on the east by Solapur district of Maharashtra state.

· The district headquarters Satara is well connected to the state Capital Mumbai ( km to the north west), and the major towns of Pune and Kolhapur by the Mumbai Bangalore National Highway No. 4.

· Satara is also well connected to other districts of Maharashtra by State highways and other roads.

· There is one railway line -Mumbai to Kolhapur- which passes through Satara district.

Area and Administrative Divisions

· The whole state of Maharashtra is divided into six revenue divisions ; Pune, Konkan, Nashik, Aurangabad, Amravati, and Nagpur. Satara district is part of the Pune division along with the districts of Pune, Sangli, Kolhapur and Solapur.

· Satara district covers an area of 10480 sq. km. with an east west expanse of 135 km and a north south expanse of 112 km.

· The district is divided into eleven administrative sub units (tahsils) - Satara, Wai, Khandala, Koregaon, Phaltan, Khatav, Man, Karad, Patan, Jawali and Mahabaleshwar.

Salient Physical Features and Land Use Patterns

· The district has three natural sub-divisions based on the topographical situations - Hilly area in the west, plains of the Krishna river in the central part, and the plateau area in the east.

· Mahabaleswar is the highest place in the district and is located at a height of 1466 m above mean sea level.

Soil

· Black cotton soil is the predominant soil type found here as is the case with most of the districts on the Deccan Plateau.

· Lateritic soil covers many parts of the western tahsils of Mahabaleshwar, Javali, Wai and Patan, is typicaly clayey in nature and reddish in colour.

· Black cotton soil is found in the central part of the district.

· Soil fertility is especially high in the valleys of the rivers Krishna, Venna, Kudali, Koyna and Kole.

· In Khandala and Phaltan tahsils, the soil has low fertility and is rocky except for the area along the Nira river and it’s tributaries.

Land Use Patterns

Inhabited Area : 234 sq. km.

Agricultural Area : 7203km²

Industrial Area :

Forest Cover : 1589km²

Wastelands : 783km²

Drought prone areas : 2300km²

· Agriculture is the main land use in the district with more than 75% of the total area being used for agricultural activities.

· Forest cover is more in the western part of the district - evergreen forests have been identified on the western extremities.

Climate and Rainfall

Climate

· The climate in general is moderate with temperatures during the summer months (March to mid June) reaching a maximum of 34°C, and in the winter months (November to March) dropping to 10°C.

· In the western part, the climate is pleasant during the summer, but is very cold during the monsoon.

· In the plains, the climate is moderate throughout the year.

Rainfall

· The monsoon period starts in the month of June with the maximum precipitation in July and August.

¨ Total rainfall is 3104 mm although there are large differences in the amount of precipitation over various parts of the district.

¨ The Sahyadri hill ranges -chiefly in Mahabaleshwar tahsil -in the western extremity receive more than 6000 mm. Patan and Jawali tahsils also have rainfall in excess of 2000 mm.

¨ Moving eastwards the rainfall amount drops to less than 600 mm in the tahsils of Koregaon, Karad, Satara.

Socio-Economic Features

Demographic Features

According to the 1991 census, the demographic features in Satara district are as follows :

Total number of households : 4,65,891

Total Population : 24,51,000

Total male population : 12,08,000

Total female population : 12,43,000

Sex Ratio : 1029

Urban Population : 3,16,424

Rural Population : 21,34,576

Percentage of urban

population to total population : 12.91%

Population Density : 233

Literacy rate : 66.67%

ale Literacy rate : 80.61%

Female Literacy rate : 53.35%

SC/ST

SC Percentage : 9.51%

ST Percentage : 0.75%

Urban and Rural Locations

Urban Locations

Major Rural Centres (population more than 10,000 )

Historical and Religious Centres

Information on historical centres is compiled to assess the possible influx of large populations on specific occasions and the service demands generated. This is important specifically with respect to the administration's response for management of transport, health services, law and order, facilities for food and sanitation in order to control epidemics, road accidents and fires.

Seasonal Migration

Agricultural and Cropping Pattern

River Systems and Dams

Dams

· There are two main river basins in the district - Bhima basin covering 30% of the district in the north eastern part and the Krishna basin over the remaining part.

· Krishna is the main river in the district - emerging from east of Mahabaleshwar plateau and after traversing a distance of 160 km flows into Sangli district.

· Main tributary is Koyna, which also originates near Mahabaleshewar, flows in a north-south direction till Helwak and then turns east-west and joins with the Krishna.

· The other tributaries of the Krishna are Kudali, Venna, Urmodi, Tarli, Yerla, and Wasna.

· Nira forming the northern boundary of the district and Man are the tributaries of the Bhima river.

Dams

There are three major dam projects in the district : Koyna Dam on the Koyna River, Dhom Dam on the Krishna river and Kanher Dam on the Krishna river.

Dams under construction include the following :

Irrigation Projects

Power Stations and Electricity Installations

Industries

The extent of industrialisation is reflected in the number of industrial estates and the industrial activity in terms of movement of cargo.

Extent of Industrialisation

The details of each industrial estate and the fact sheet of each hazardous industry have been attached in Annexure.

Transport and Communication Network

Transportation Network

Communication

· Upto end of 1994-95, there were 698 post offices and 191 telegraph offices in the district.

· There is a low power transmitter for Doordarshan, another one for AIR (FM band) service.

· Dish antennas have also proliferated throughout the district.

Proposed Development

New Afforestation : 4 sq. km. per year

Town Development Schemes Proposed

New Industrial estates proposed

Large industries set up or proposed.

RISK ASSESSMENT AND VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS

Economic, Occupational, Social and Educational Profile of the Population

Economy

• Agriculture is the main economic activity in the district with 63.5% of the total land under agriculture.

¨ In general agriculture activities are less in the western tahsils due to hilly terrain with Mahabaleshwar tahsil having only 1% land under agriculture, most of the area being forest land.

¨ The eastern tahsils of Khatav and Karad each have about 75% land under cultivation.

• Double crops are cultivated over about 80% of the land under agriculture - along the flows of rivers Krishna, Koyna, Nira, Yerla double crops are taken.

• Cereals dominate the crops in all tahsils.

• There are three harvesting seasons, Kharif, Rabi and Summer.

¨ During the Kharif season, food crops like Bajra, Jowar, Nachani, Warai and cash crops like ground nuts and rarely sunflowers are harvested.

¨ During the Rabi season, Jowar, Wheat and Gram are harvested.

¨ During the summer season, wherever water for irrigation is available, maize, ground nuts, sunflower, vegetables are grown.

Social Profile

• Out of the 24.45 lakhs population (1991 census), 87% lives in rural areas.

¨ 53.19% of population is below poverty line and there are 33% illiterates in the district.

¨ Wai and Javali tahsils have the largest percentage of households among their population below the poverty line.

¨ SC\ST account for about 10% of the total population.

¨ Karad is the most densely populated tahsil with 470 persons/sq. km., while Man is the most sparsely populated with 127 persons per sq. km.

¨ Satara and Karad are the two major urban centres.

Educational Profile

• Educational facilities span the whole range from Anganwadis to professional degree colleges.

¨ There are 1556 pre-primary and primary schools, 279 secondary and Higher secondary schools and 7 degree colleges.

¨ There is a public school at Pusegaon, Engineering college at Satara, ITI etc.

• The district has a fairly well developed transport and communication systems.

¨ Railway network is limited to the Pune-Satara-Kolhapur railway line (124 km long) which carries passenger as well as goods traffic.

¨ Road network is good, 130 km of the National Highway No.4 passes through the district; there are 939 km of State highways and 7721 km of other district roads.

¨ The State Transport has a well spread out network of bus services.

¨ More than 1547 villages have access to telephone facility.

¨ There is a low power Doordarshan transmitter making Doordarshan accessible to almost all villages; there is a low power All India Radio transmitter for FM band. Dish antennas have also proliferated throughout the district.

¨ All taluka headquarters are linked to the district headquarters by wireless, telephone and fax.

Disaster Specific Proneness

Floods

• There are two main river basins in the district - Bhima basin covering 30% of the district in the north eastern part and the Krishna basin over the remaining part.

¨ Krishna is the main river in the district - Main tributary is Koyna, the other tributaries being Kudali, Venna, Urmodi, Tarli, Yerla, and Wasna.

¨ Nira forming the northern boundary of the district and Man are the tributaries of the Bhima river.

• The monsoon period starts in the month of June with the maximum precipitation in July and August.

¨ Total rainfall is 3104 mm although there are large differences in the amount of precipitation over various parts of the district.

¨ The Sahyadri hill ranges -chiefly in Mahabaleshwar tahsil -in the western extremity receive more than 6000 mm. Patan and Jawali tahsils also have rainfall in excess of 2000 mm.

¨ Moving eastwards the rainfall amount drops to less than 600 mm in the tahsils of Koregaon, Karad, Satara.

• Since all the major rivers originate in the high rainfall Western Ghat area, flooding due to excessive rainfall during the monsoon is a natural corollary.

• 16.05 % of the population lives in flood prone areas with the major rivers Koyna,Krishna, Venna, Yerla, Veer etc showing flooding atleast once a year during the monsoons.

• Release of excess water from the dams on the major rivers causes flooding in villages lying along the river course in Patan, Khandala , Satara, Karad tahsils.

• The Koynanagar Dam on the Koyna river has contributed to reducing the vulnerability of many villages in Karad tahsil to flooding

• Past incidences of flooding :

Occurrence of Floods in the last 30 years (heavy rains) HeavyRains Flood

Number of deaths due to Floods 22 8

Total Loss due to Floods (in Rupees) 8765 -

Expenditure incurred on Relief and Rehabilitation during last 161 3

thirty years on these episodes (in Rupees)

The following table gives an assessment of the flooding frequency of major rivers in the district

• Preventive and preparedness measures have been taken to reduce damage due to floods.

¨ There are 11 Rainfall Monitoring Stations and 14 Flood Monitoring Stations in the district. (Details in Annexure)

¨ It is observed that flood hazards are mainly caused by illegal encroachments and hutments on the river-sides, much below the danger-point levels.

¨ When releasing water from dams, advance warning is given to villages in downstream areas for proper evacuation to safer places.

¨ High Flood Level has been marked on the banks of Krishna, Kanher and Veer rivers and no settlements are allowed in flood prone areas.

¨ Control room functions round the clock in the Collectorate during the monsoons and all district heads,tahsildars, SDOs and BDOs are advised to be alert.

¨ Preventive measures like reforestation of denuded forest , land treatment like contour bunding , protection of watershed from fires, control over deforestation, create small bandharas(Kolhapur type) ,construction of flood walls in the banks of the rivers etc may be taken up.

Earthquakes

• The district administration has ranked earthquakes at number one in terms of past occurrences and has indicated a high probability for future occurences.

• This is mainly due to the high incidence of seismic activity in the Koyna valley which also was the epicentre of the famous 1967 Koyna earthquake - the strongest seismic event after the 1993 Killari earthquake.

• In the 1967 quake, 161 lives were lost , damages and repairs and reconstruction cost to the houses and the dam ran to several crores of rupees.

• Reservoir Induced Seismicity (RIS) seems to be the likely cause of the seismicity in this area.

• Earthquakes have been recorded here from 1963 and till 1997 more than 95000 tremors have been recorded.

• Even presently about 2- 3 tremors ,albeit of very small magnitude, per day is a common occurrence.

• No other part of the district has reported any seismic activity although the 1993 Killari earthquake caused some damage.

• Seismic observatories are at Koynanagar , Mahabaleshwar and Satara.

• The Koyna and dam and it’s backwaters - the principal epicentral area for the seismicity- fall mainly in Patan tahsil and the southern part of Wai tahsil.

¨ These two are comparatively bakward districts with some parts of the Koyna valley in Patan tahsil still being inaccesible by road.

¨ In the Koyna valley, agricultural activities are rare, and most of it is forest land. and industrialisation is negligible

¨ Hence the regular tremors of magnitude 2 to 3 are not strongly felt outside the district ; slightly larger tremors do cause some minor damage to houses in parts of the valley.

A comprehensive study aimed at asesssing the risk of major seismicity is necessary especially since this area is very close to the Western Ghat Fault(?) scarp.

A major earthquake here of magnitude more than 6 could cause substantial damage not only in Satara district but also in the neighbouring more industrialised districts of Pune and Kolhapur.

The seismic data of the Koyna region since 1963 is given in the following table :

Road Accidents

• The district administration has ranked road accidents at second spot on the basisof past incidences and has indicated a medium probability of future occurrence.

• There is an extensive network of roads throughout the district ; 130 km of the Mumbai -Bangalore National Highway No.4 passes through the district ; there are 939 km of State highways and 7721 km of other district roads.

• Three major accident prone spots have been identified by the district authorities

¨ The stretch of the National Highway between Shirwal and Karad is the most accident prone part of the highway - more than 600 people have died till present.

¨ The Khambatki ghat section of the highway is also prone to accidents due to the narrow road and tunnel - proposal for widening the tunnel and four laning of the highway is under consideration.

¨ Near Satara City, where the National Highway crosses the State highways, there is frequent problem of traffic jams and accidents - an overhead bridge is required.

• More than 30 to 50 vehicles pass through the district carrying diesel,petrol and other inflamable materials.

• Satara and Karad, major towns on the NH4, have significant number of industries which receive hazardous materials.

Epidemics

• Epidemics are common throughout the district during the monsoon period, as in many other districts in Maharashtra.

• The common cause for the outbreaks are polluted water and contaminated food.

¨ There are 957 villages without piped water supply and depending on wells, lakes and rivers.

¨ Gastro-enteritis, Cholera, Dysentry, Pneumonia, Jaundice, Typhoid, Diarrhoea etc. are the common diseases.

¨ During the summer season, there is an increase in the cases of food poisoning

¨ In the last 10 years, there have been 93 cases affecting 3349 people and resulting in 5 deaths.

¨ The culprit in such cases is unheiginic conditions in dhabas and small hotels.

• In the past 30 years there have been 425 instances of epidemics resulting in 262 deaths.

• The Public Health Department has an extensive network of 69 PHCs, 309 Subcentres, 1 General Hospital, 10 Rural Hospitals, 2 Cottage Hospitals, 1 Ayurved hospital, 640 Anganwadis.

• Some of the villages in Koyna valley are inaccessible by road, and any epidemic in these villages canot be monitored effectively nor can preventive action taken satisfactorily.

• Epidemics have been ranked at 5 on the basis of past occurrences and the district administration has indicated a medium probaility of future occurrence.

Industrial And Chemical Accidents and Fires

• There are seven industrial estates in the district including four MIDC estates at Satara, Karad and Wai, and three co-operative estates at Malkapur, Ogalewadi, and Satara Road.

• 2 Co-operative estates and four MIDCs at Patan, Koregaon,Lonand and Phaltan are proposed to be setup.

• Plastic, chemical, rubber based industries, air conditioning machines, oil mills, ice factories, sugar industries are the major typesof industries.

• There are 15 chemical industries out of which the district administration has indicated that only 5 are hazardous.

• There is no human habitation within 1 km of these hazardous factories.

• All these factories have their emergency action plans ready.

• Due to these reasons, industrial and chemical accidents have been ranked last in terms of past occurrences, and a low probability of future occurrence.

• On an average about 192 incidents occur every year, most of them involving burning of huts due to blowing winds during the hot summer afternoons.

• Movement of vehicles laden with hazardous materials along the NH4 and other state highways also constitute a major hazard

DISASTER PROBABILITY

According to the district administration, the probability of disaster occurrence and the possible intensity of disasters ,based on earlier history is given below.

SPECIFIC VULNERABILITY OF SYSTEMS AND SERVICES TO DISASTER EVENTS
Vulnerable to

RANKING AND PROBABILITY OF DISASTER EPISODES IN THE DISTRICT

Episode 1

This study is about the floods that struck Satara district during 23rd to 25th August 1997.

Before construction of the Dams at Koyana, Dhom, Kanher, Bhatghar(Veer) there were threat of floods in the down-stream villages in the western partof the district, but since the Dam construction work has been completed the likelihood of danger of floods is reduced to a great extent.

However, the Irrigation Department have prepared a plan for flood monitoring Stations ( River Gauging Stations ) on these major rivers and flood marks have been erected on the both bank sides of the rivers, in order to alert the people residing in the red mark zone during the monsoon period. Rainfall Monitoring Stations on these major rivers like Koyna etc are functioning during monsoon season.

During the current monsoon season of 1997, the Monsoon started in time in the western part of this district, and it was normal in the month of June and July and due to the continuous rains in the catchment areas of the major rivers, the all major Dams were filled up completely nearby 15th August 1997 as it will be seen from the following statistical data :-

In the last week of the August 1997, the low depression took place in the Bay of Bengal and it was moving in North-West directions and after that an advance intimation of heavy rains was given by the Meteorological Department to this District for taking the precautionary measures to meet the situation if arises etc.

Accordingly the heavy rain started from the mid-night of 22nd August 1997 and continued upto 26th August 1997 in the catchment area of the major Dams, with the result that a large quantity of excessive water from the Dams were released in to the down stream rivers, which were flooded, and caused a damage to the property,crops and roads etc. The statistical data about rainfall (during the period from 23-8-97 to 26-8-97) received, is as follows :-

Shifting of families to safer sides :-

Due to the heavy floods in the major rivers, the families residing on the bank of the rivers were shifted to safer side by the Revenue Machinery, on receiving floods in that area.

The details of the families shifted to the safer sides is as under :-

Sr. No.      Name of Tahsil          No. of families shifted to Safer Site.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.               PATAN                          19 families

2.               MANDRUL                   5 families

3.               KARAD                         23 families ( 102 members )

4.               GOTE                           12 families ( 84 persons )

5.               CHACHEGAON         10 families

6.               JADHAVVASTI            150 persons

7.               WAI                               40 families

8.               ARALE                         19 families

As soon as flood in over/reduced these families were returned in their houses along with the material for living as usual.

Release Of Excessive Water From The Dams :-

The Major Dams were filled up due to the continuous rains as mentioned in the previous paragraph and as such the Excessive Water from the following dams were released for the safety of the Dams, in the down stream villages, which caused a damage to the Property and Crops road etc due to floods.

Damage To Infrastucture :-

Due to the floods in the major rivers, the following bridges from the western areas, were submerged under the flood water, which disrupted the communication on this bridges for 2-3 days, which caused inconvenience to the peoples from that areas.

During the course of the survey it was observed that the following villages were covered by the flood water and as such the normal contact and communication facilities by road were cut down, which caused very inconvenience to the families residing in the following villages. The details of the same is as under :-

1] WAI TAHSIL = i) Kawathe - 679 families

2] KARAD TAHSIL = i) Tambve - 934 families

                                    ii) Dushere - 447 families

                                    iii) Shere - 652 families

                                    iv) Khodashi - 563 families

                                    v) Sathe - 15 families

                                    vi) Mandrul Haveli - 5 families

3] PHALTAN TAHSIL =

                                    i) Gokhali } __ 4 families

                                    ii) Jadhav-vasti}

As soon as the intensity of rain fall is reduced, the river floods were reduced to great extent and the normal situation took place by 27th August 1997.

Loss Of Life :-

It was noticed that due to the heavy rainfall, a house of Shri. Sakharam Jagannath Mane from Wathar (Kiroli) was collapsed on the body of same persons, who lost his life in this natural calamity on 23-8-1997. The rainfall received during 24 hours was 63 M.M..

Assessment Of Administrative Preparedness :-

Before commencement of the Monsoon, the meeting of the all concerning Officers were conveyed by the Collector and in that meeting a detail review in regards to the preventive and precautionary measures were taken in it. Accordingly this various Government authorities Viz:- Revenue authority, Zilla Parishad and Irrigation Department have taken adequate steps at the time of the floods in the major rivers, due to the release of excessive water from the Dams to minimise the loss of human life in the floods.

Procedures Followed For Assessing Of Various Type Of Damages And Compensation Norms Used :-

After this flood disaster, the Collector had issue instructions to the sub-ordinate Revenue Machinery to formed a teams to assess the damage caused due to the heavy rainfall and floods in the Western part of the district. Accordingly the Revenue Machinery has completed the detailed survey of the damage caused to the property, crops and animals village wise and this has been reported to the Collectorate Satara for onwards transmission to the Government. In addition to this the Irrigation Department and Executive Engineer, B.& C. , Z.P. has also assessed the damage due to the floods to the roads and other property belonging to their department.

Relief And Compensation :-

In the aforesaid natural disaster of floods and heavy rains the total loss to the property,crops and others are worked out by making the assessment by the concerned department, which is as under :-

LOSSES :-

A]

1) No. of affected villages :- 538 villages

2) No. of affected families :- 3344 persons

3) No. of affected persons :- 13124 persons

4) No. of dead persons :- 1 Nos.

5) Partially affected houses :- 1923 Nos.

6) Completely damaged houses :- 6 Nos.

7) Total damage to the houses :- Rs. 47,38,990 ( Partially affected )Rs. 1,70,600 ( Fully affected )

8) Damaged to Cattle Shed :- 5 Cattle Sheds

9) Total loss to the Cattle shed :- Rs. 23,600/-

10) Dead Sheeps : - 11 Nos.

11) Total loss of dead Sheeps :- Rs. 6,700/-

12) No. of the animals dead :- 10 Nos.

13) Total loss due to this :- Rs. 56,150/-

B] INFRASTRUCTURE

1) Damage to Road and Bridges :- 250 Roads & 234 Bridges.

2) Total loss to Road and Bridges damage :- Rs. 9,06,73,500/-

C] CROP DAMAGE

1) No. of Khatedars affected :- 4,812 Nos.

2) No. of hectars damaged :- 1249.14 hectors

3) Total loss occurred due to heavy rains and floods :- Rs. 7,45,1121 /-

D] MUNICIPAL ROADS DAMAGE :- Rs. 27,55,000/-

E]

1) Loss to Private property :- Rs. 11,31,500/-

2) No. of Properties affected :- 69 Nos.

District Collector, who has visited the flood affected area and also she has supervised the damage assessment operations in Patan and Karad tahsils.

Government have increased in the rate of gratuitous aid from Rs. 450/- to Rs. 600/-.

Conclusion :-

It is equally important to train volunteers in every village so that relief reaches to the needy people without delay .

In order to protect the flood proneareas, it is therefore, suggested that treatment like rorestation of denuded forest, land treatment like contour bunding, protection of water shed from fires, control over the deforestation, create small bandharas ( Kolhapur Type) onstruction of flood walls in the banks of the rivers etc may be taken up.

It is observed that flood hazards are mainly caused by illegal encroachments and hutment’s on the river side, much below the danger point levels. Strict action needs to be taken even in normal times to ensure that such encroachment are removed from the river banks and fines should be imposed on illegal shelters to discourage the encroachments and also clear cut notice needs to be given to the encroacher to shift at their own cost to the safer side. If they fails to shift from the river beds to safer sides, the relief can not be given at all in case of floods in near future.

Irrigation Department could have calculated the likely quantum of discharge in to the rivers and intimated to the Civil Administration about it at least five hours in advance, so that the Revenue machinery will be in a position to communicate this message to the river sides villages for the proposed threat of floods in the village.

During the current year 1997, the Dams were filled up completely and with the result that a large quantity of excess water from the dams were released from these 5 Dams in to the down stream of Koyna, Krishna, Kanher, Nira rivers, which resulted in flooding of river banks in the downstream areas. Some encroachment and unauthorised constructed houses on the banks of the rivers were submerged for short period.

In order to avoid the loss of property and human life in the flood hazards, it is suggested that the following points needs to be emphasised in the mind of the people.

i) Peoples residing on the banks of rivers in the red zone (flood lines) should shift to the safer sides.

ii) Irrigation Department, should give an advance intimation of the release of excess water from the Dams, well in advance in future.

iii) The N.G.O`s should take active part in training the villagers about the consequences of the flood damages.

iv) Health Department should take immediate steps to provide medical facility after the flood to the affected people.

v) M.S.E.B. should restore the light connection after checking the electrical lines after the floods.

vi) Agril. Department should provide the seeds for resowing operation, in case the crops are washed away in the floods.

vii) B. & C. Department should take immediate steps to repairs the roads and bridges damaged in the flood for communication as normal on priority basis.

viii) Police Department should keep vigilant watch on the flood situation and alert the people at the time of flood hazards.

ix) Irrigation Department should keep the flood monitoring centres vigilant during the rain season.

Episode no. 2

Irrigation department has prepared and submitted the plans and estimates of the structure and machinery to higher authorities for sanction.

Episode no. 3

EARTHQUAKES

CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS

The Revenue, Police and Health Depts have played key roll in bringing the situation normal in that area ,where the Giletin blast took place.

FIRE

Fact Sheets on the Hazardous Industries

Fact Sheet 1

I. Factory identity                                 Kisan Veer Satara S.S.K.Ltd..Bhuinj

II. Address                                           Tal .Wai, Dist. Satara.

III. Location( mention industrial       Kisan Veer Nagar.
     estate if applicable

IV Contact persons                            Shri .M .R. Sawant ,Managing Director

V. Principle activity(ies) for each     Production of Ethyl - Alcohol
     plant.

VI .Inventory of hazardous Chemicals (raw materials , intermediate products, final products and      wastes)

VII . Consequences of major hazards                            -
        from storage for each chemical.

       Consequences of major hazards                            All the systems is closed and no
       from processing                                                          contact with atmosphere.

IX. Physical range of consequences                              Nil

X .An inventory of personal protective                            I)Dry chemical powder
    equipment in the factory premises                            ii) DCP extinguisher
                                                                                              iii) Carban Dioxide .

XI Action required :

1) Fire Brigade :-                        Nearest Fire brigade - Satara, Telephone No. 02162-21388.
                                                       i) Fight Fire
                                                       ii) Keep alcohol storage cool
                                                       iii) Spray water immediately
                                                       iv) Remove trapped persons.

2) Police Service :-                     Nearest Police Station - Bhuinj, Telephone No. 85233
                                                       i) Cordonning off the area
                                                       ii) Evacuation of the nearby residents if advised.
                                                       iii) Vigilance on affected plants to keep them undisturbed till
                                                       completion of enquires.

3) Medical Services :-

 i) Ambulance available on Karkhana site. No. MH-11
                                                                                     --------
                                                                                    A-2600

ii) Available at Gramin Ruganalaya, Wai, Phone No. 70144

iii) Available at Mishan Hospital Wai, Phone No. 70004

iv) The Plant has dispensary to serve first Aid during emergency with a part time Medical Officer.

4) Communication Services :-

Broadcast to community - Shri. S. S. Jagatap,
                                               Phone No. - 02167- 85240, 85243.
                                               Internal - 223

(xii) Estimated Response Time :- Immediately response from all the services is necessary.

Layouts of the Plants :- Enclosed

Fact Sheet 2

I .Factory identity                                                     Krishna Sahakari Sakar Karkhana Ltd.
                                                                                   Rethare Bk. [post office)

II Address                                                                Shivnagar Tal.Karad,Dist. Satara.

III. Location( mention the industrial                   Shivnagar, Rethare Bk.
     estate if applicable)

IV. Contact person                                                Shri .D. S. Shinde Mananging Director

V.  Principle activity(ies) for each                         Manufacturing of White sugar ,Alcohol
     plant                                                                     Country liquir ,MFL & Acitone

VI. Inventory of the hazardous chemicals( raw material, intermediate products, final products and wastes)

VII Consequences of the major hazards                                  Alcohol & Acitone fire hazard affecting
from storage for each chemical                                                  above ¼ K.M in radius

VIII. Consequences of major hazards                                       Nil
from processing.

IX. Physical range of consequences.                                       Maximum 1 K.M. in radius.

X. An inventory of personal protective                            I) Own fire-brigade
equipment in the factory premises.                              2) Factory Ambulance

(xi) Action Required :-

i) Fire Brigade :- Safety Officer and Security Officer of krishna SSK Ltd.
                              Phone No.- 02164-66222 to 66225 Ext. 234 & 232, 222.

                              a) Fire Brigade :- Karad 02164-2444

                              b) Fire Brigade :- Islampur 0342- 129

                              c) Sahyadri SSk Ltd. Yeshwantnager :- 02164-71471

ii) Police Service :- a) Shivnagar police station, Shivnagar.
                                   Tal. Karad, Dist. Satara.
                                   Phone 02164-66222 Etn. 333, Shivnagar.

                                   b) Police Sub-Inspector, Karad
                                    Phone 02164-2233.

iii) Medical Services :- a) Krishna Karkhana Hospital :
                                    Ph. No.- 02164-66222, Etn. 333 & 248 (Hosp.) 348 (Res.)
                                    For medical facilities , medical equipments antidotes, No. of beds etc.

                                    b) Cottage Hospital - Karad - 02164-2459.

                                    c) Krishana Hospital - Karad - 02164-81666.

iv) Communication
Services :-                  a) Distillery Incharge. - Shri R.T. Bhosale,
                                    Ph.No.-02164-66222 to 66225 Ext.-260(O.),360(R.)

                                    b) Acetone Incharge - Shri R.S. Doshi,
                                    Ph.No.-02164-66222 to 66225 Ext.-221(O.),321(R.)

                                    c) Safety Officer - Shri B. R. Pawar,Ext. 234 (O.), 222 (Maingate).
                                   Action required to be taken by the -

                                   1) Central South Shenoli Station Railway Station within 15 minutes from our factory.

                                   2) Air Port - At Karad.Within 30 minutes from our factory.

                                   3) Bus Services - from our factory to karad bus available with regularity 1 hour.

xii) Estimated response Time :-

Immediate response from all the service is necessary as under :

i) Emergency action within 15 minutes of occurance :

a) Stop affected plant.

b) Rush affected person to Medical Officer in our factory hospital.

c) Switch off Electrical supply.

d) Start the fighting of fire with available equipments.

e) Isolate the affected plant from storage or storage tank from process plant.

f) Keep the alcohol or acetone storage cool by sprinkling.

g) Give emergency alarm to the workers colony residents and village.

h) Try to obtain mutual aid from factories and residents nearest fire brigade stations.

ii) Emergency facilities/action required as :

a) Emergency use of portable dry chemical powder and CO2 fire extinguishers.

b) In our factory trained manpower.

c) Om Ganesh make fire fighter with hoses and nozzles.

d) kirloskar make 50 HP petrol fire fighter pump with hoses and nozzles.

e) Use of personal protective equipments.

xiii) Layouts of the plant (to be updated as and when expansion / modernisatin.

Fact Sheet on the Industry(III)

Information on major hazardous industries may be collected for each hazardous industry as per the format given below.

The List of personal protective equipments and fire fighting equipments and its quantity is as follows :-

xi) Action Required :-

I) Fire Brigade - The action required to be taken by the fire brigade mainly includes the fighting of fire with suitable extinguish media and control the spread of fire in neighbouring areas.
Telephone No. of Karad Municipal fire brigade -02164-2444.

ii) Police Service - To make necessary arrangements for evacuation of plant and neighbouring personal at safest place and restrict the people gathering near injured personnel for shifting to the nearest hospital.
Telephone No. of Police Inspector Karad - 2377
Police Station Masur - 52033
Police Sub-Inspector Umbraj - 64033
STD Code - Karad -02164 .

iii) Medical Services -Establish a medical centre in the nearby area for providing first-aid facilities and treatment to the accident victims. This centre should contain medical, surgical and resuscitation equipment and necessary drugs, dressings, antidotes etc. In addition to this, the medical practitioners in and around the complex could be called upon for necessary assistance and help during the emergency situation if necessary. Names and Telephone Nos. of contact persons are as follows.

1. Dr. A.G. Gujar (M.S.) - 02164-2868

2. Dr. V.R. Gharge (M.D.)- 02162-33617

3. Dr. K.P. Lokhande (B.H.M.S.)- }02164-71171,71271,71371.

4. Dr. Mrs. J.D. Bagwan ( -do- )- } Extn. 333

5. Dr. Mrs. D.D. Kulkarni ( -do- )- }

III - 3

iv) Communication Services :- Identify the communication need that would exist in the event of a disaster and to provide secondary communication system for use in the event if the primary system is inoperative. To establish contact with nearly organisations and other offices and ascertain the communication facilities working well. I.e. Telephone, Personnel Messagers, DC batteries Diesel genevatir sets, broadcaste etc. if necessary.

xii) Estimated Response Time - Within 5 to 10 minutes.

xiii) Layout of the plant is enclosed herewith.

Fact Sheet on the Industry (IV)

Information on major hazardous industries may be collected for each hazardous industry as per the format given below.

I. Factory identity : Shriram Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. Phaltan, Nira.+

II. Address : Valley ArkshalaVibhag, Phaltan . Dist. Satara.

III. Location (mention the Nira Valley Vibhag Phaltan.

industrial estate if applicable :

IV. Contact Persons : I) shri. S. K. Patil , M.D.

II) shri A.S. Patil, Dist. Manager.

V. Principle activity(ies) for each Molasses pumping, Ditution of Molasses , Plant : Fermentation of Molasses etc.

VI. Inventory of the hazardous chemicals (raw materials, intermediate products, final products and wastes)

VII. Consequences of major hazards Storage Section is close one. The operating from storage for each chemical electrical appliances are flame proof.

VIII. Consequences of major hazards Proper ventilation is provided to escape co.2 from processing gas from the Fermentation section.

IX. Physical range of consequences ----

X. An inventory of personal protective

I) Dry Power extinguisher equipment in the factory premises.

II) Foam fire Engine & Co.2 extinguisher

III) Co.2 Fire extinguisher.

Fact sheet on the Industry (v)

Information on major hazardous industries may be collected for each hazardous industry as per the format given below:-

I. Factory identity Ajinkyatara Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd.Shahunagar, Shendre ,Tal. Satara

II. Address Shendre.Tal.Satara,Dist.Satara.

III. Location(Mention the industrial Shahunagar.

Estate if applicable.

IV Contact person Shri. .V. H. Aparadh Managing Director, Shri.A .N.Gavhane,Distillary Incharge

V Principle activity(ies) for each Molasses pumping,Dilution of Molasses,plant Farmentation of Molasses.

VI. Inventory of the hazardous chemicals (raw materials ,,intermediate products,final products and waste)

VII. Consequences of major hazards It is open atmosphere.Alcohol vapour from storage for each chemical. condensers are provided with water circulation to each tank.

VIII .Consequences of major hazards More care has been taken.

From processing.

IX .Physical range of consequences. Nil

X.. An inventory of personal protective

1) Soda acid,equipment in the factory premises.

2) 5 extinguisher ,& foam fire extinguisher

3) C.O.2 extinguisher, & C.O.2 fire extinguishers & Dry Chemical powder Ambulance.

An inventory of personal protective equipment in the factory premises :

i) Fire fighter - 1 nos.

ii) Fire Extinguishers -

    a) Foam type - 6 nos. of 9 lit cap each.

    b) CO2 type - 3 nos. 6.5 kg. each.

    c) Dry chemical powder - 5 nos. 10 kg. each.

    d) Soda acid type - 5 nos. 9 lit each.

    e) Soda acid type - 2 nos. 30 lit each.

x) Action Required :-

i) Fire Brigade - Telephone No.101, Satara.

ii) Police Service - Satara Police Station, Tel.No.23390 21078

iii) Medical Services - Civil Hospital Satara, Tel.No. 20627 Ext. 101 Ambulance. Karkhana is having fulflaged Ambulance.

xi) Estimated Response Time :- Within 30 minutes.

xii) Layout of the Plant :- enclosed

xiii)

    a) Occurance of Road accidents and fire in the last 30 years - Nil.

    b) No. of death due to Road accidents & Fire - Nil.

    c) Total loss due to Fire accidents & Fire - Nil.

xiv)

    a) Occurance of Industrial & Chemical accident in the last 30 years. -Nil.

    b) No. of deaths due to Industrial & Chemical accident - Nil.

    c) Total loss due to Industrial & Chemical accident (Rs.) - Nil.

    d) Expenditure incurred on relief and compensation during last thirty years on there opisodas
    (in Rs.) - Nil.

New Industrial Estates(undertaken/proposed).

(VI) Large industries set up or proposed.